Fuel cell system with interconnect
The present invention includes a fuel cell system having a plurality of adjacent electrochemical cells formed of an anode layer, a cathode layer spaced apart from the anode layer, and an electrolyte layer disposed between the anode layer and the cathode layer. The fuel cell system also includes at least one interconnect, the interconnect being structured to conduct free electrons between adjacent electrochemical cells. Each interconnect includes a primary conductor embedded within the electrolyte layer and structured to conduct the free electrons.
1. A fuel cell system, comprising:
a cathode of a first electrochemical cell;
an electrolyte;
an anode of a second electrochemical cell spaced apart from said cathode by said electrolyte; and
an interconnect configured to conduct free electrons between said anode and said cathode and to eliminate ionic conductivity through said interconnect, wherein said interconnect is formed of a cermet compound having at least one ceramic phase which does not conduct ions;
wherein said first electrochemical cell further comprises an anode spaced apart from said first electrochemical cell cathode by said electrolyte in a first direction;
wherein said second electrochemical cell further comprises a cathode spaced apart from said second electrochemical cell anode by said electrolyte in said first direction;
wherein said interconnect comprises a first end, a second end, and a central body extending in a second direction between said first and second ends, wherein said second direction is substantially perpendicular to said first direction, and wherein at least a portion of said central body is bounded on each side by said electrolyte in said first direction;
wherein said interconnect includes a blind primary conductor;
wherein a chemical barrier is disposed between said anode of said second electrochemical cell and said blind primary conductor; and
wherein said chemical barrier comprises doped ceria.
2. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the cermet compound includes yttria stabilized zirconia.
3. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one non-ionic conducting ceramic phase of the cermet compound includes pyrochlore powder.
4. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the cermet compound non-ionic conducting ceramic phase includes pyrochlore.
5. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the cermet compound non-ionic conducting ceramic phase includes at least one of SrZrO 3 , MgAl 2 O 4 spinel, NiAl 2 O 4 spinel and alumina.
6. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the cermet compound metal phase is Ni or a Ni alloy.
7. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the cermet compound metal phase is a precious metal or a precious metal alloy.
8. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic phase of the cermet compound includes an ionic conducting phase.
9. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic phase of the cermet compound includes a garnet having an A-site and/or B-site substitution.
10. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein said interconnect is formed of a cermet comprising one or more of pyrochlore, pyrochlore powder, SrZrO 3 , MgAl 2 O 4 spinel, NiAl 2 O 4 spinel.
11. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein said interconnect is formed of a cermet compound comprising (M RE ) 2 Zr 2 O 7 , and wherein M RE is a rare earth cation.
12. The fuel cell according to claim 11 , wherein said interconnect comprises La 2 Zr 2 O 7 .