Three dimensional netted structure
A three-dimensional netted structure having an upper surface, a lower surface, two side surfaces a left end surface, and a right end surface, including at least a plurality of filaments helically and randomly entangled and thermally bonded together, wherein the filaments are formed out of a thermoplastic resin by extrusion molding followed by cooling with a liquid; and the netted structure is four-surface molded, the upper surface, the lower surface and the two side surfaces being molded. An apparatus and a method for manufacturing the three-dimensional netted structure.
1. A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional netted structure by using an apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
an extrusion molding machine comprising a die having a mouthpiece with a plurality of holes;
a pair of endless conveyors, each of said pair of endless conveyors comprising a plurality of endless members; and
a tank adapted to submerge or partly submerge said pair of endless conveyors;
wherein:
said plurality of endless members is fixed to a plurality of endless chains and said plurality of endless members are separated from one another by a predetermined width of clearance;
the method comprising:
a) extruding filaments of a thermoplastic resin downward from said die via said mouthpiece of said die, whereby said filaments drop in between said pair of endless conveyors under a force of gravity at a dropping speed and form an assembly of filaments, said pair of endless conveyors being submerged or partly-submerged in a liquid in a tank, wherein a distance between said pair of endless conveyors is smaller than a width of said assembly of filaments;
b) drawing down said assembly of filaments at a speed lower than the dropping speed by said pair of endless conveyors, and contacting and compressing at least longitudinal surfaces of said assembly of filaments by said pair of endless conveyors, whereby said longitudinal surfaces are formed to be flat, and a density of regions of the assembly of filaments which extend a predetermined distance from said longitudinal surfaces into an inner portion of the assembly of filaments is higher than a density of said inner portion; and
c) cooling said assembly of filaments in the liquid in the tank.
2. A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional netted structure by using an apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
an extrusion molding machine comprising a die having a mouthpiece with a plurality of holes, said die being adapted to extrude the filaments downward and to form an assembly of filaments;
a chute located below said mouthpiece and parallel to a longitudinal direction of said assembly of filaments;
a pair of drawing-down units, each of said pair of drawing-down units comprising a plurality of endless members, said pair of drawing-down units being disposed below said chute; and
a tank adapted to submerge or partly submerge said pair of drawing-down units;
wherein:
a width of an upper part of said chute is adapted to be wider than a width of the assembly of filaments, and a width of a lower part of said chute and a distance between said drawing-down units each are adapted to be smaller than the width of the assembly of filaments; and
said chute is adapted to contact and compress a longitudinal surface of the assembly of filaments that is parallel to a direction in which the assembly of filaments is extruded;
the method comprising:
a) extruding filaments of a thermoplastic resin downward from said die via said mouthpiece of said die, whereby said filaments drop in between said chute and said pair of drawing-down units under a force of gravity at a dropping speed and form an assembly of filaments, said pair of drawing-down units being submerged or partly-submerged in a liquid in a tank, wherein a distance between said pair of drawing-down units is smaller than a width of said assembly of filaments;
b) flowing said filaments along a liquid layer formed on said chute to form loops in said filaments, contacting said filaments with each other, entangling said filaments with each other, and dropping said filaments in-between said pair of drawing-down units;
c) drawing down said assembly of filaments at a speed lower than the dropping speed by said pair of drawing-down units, and contacting and compressing at least longitudinal surfaces of said assembly of filaments by said pair of drawing-down units, whereby said longitudinal surfaces are formed to be flat, and a density of regions of said assembly of filaments which extend a predetermined distance from said longitudinal surfaces into an inner portion of said assembly of filaments is higher than a density of said inner portion; and
d) cooling said assembly of filaments in the liquid in the tank.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of said plurality of endless members comprises a first part and a second part; the first part is resin having a heat distortion temperature larger than or equal to 40° C.; and the second part is metal, ceramic, fiber reinforced plastic, or carbon fiber.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of said plurality of endless members comprises resin having a heat distortion temperature larger than or equal to 40° C., metal, carbon fiber, ceramic, or fiber reinforced plastic.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein each of said plurality of endless members comprises a first part and a second part; the first part is resin having a heat distortion temperature larger than or equal to 50° C.; and the second part is metal, ceramic, fiber reinforced plastic, or carbon fiber.
6. The method of claim 2 , wherein each of said plurality of endless members comprises resin having a heat distortion temperature larger than or equal to 50° C., metal, carbon fiber, ceramic, or fiber reinforced plastic.