Spark plug for internal combustion engine
A spark plug for an internal combustion engine that can improve bonding strength between a center electrode and a conductive glass is provided. The spark plug includes a housing, an insulator, a center electrode, a ground electrode, and a conductive glass. The center electrode has a locking portion that is locked from a base end side to a step portion formed on an inner peripheral surface of the insulator, and an electrode head that is closer to the base end side than the locking portion is. A concave portion is partially formed on the tip end surface of the electrode head. A concave contour, which is an outer peripheral contour of the concave portion when viewed in a plug axial direction, forms a closed curve which is spaced apart from a head contour, which is an outer peripheral contour of the base end surface of the electrode head, and surrounds a center axis (B) of the center electrode. The concave contour has an outward portion protruding toward the head contour and an inward portion protruding toward the center axis (B) of the center electrode.
1. A spark plug for an internal combustion engine comprising:
a cylindrical housing;
a cylindrical insulator held inside the housing;
a center electrode held inside the insulator so that a tip end portion protrudes;
a ground electrode forming a spark discharge gap between the center electrode and the ground electrode; and
a conductive glass filled in the insulator so as to be located at a base end side of the center electrode, wherein
the center electrode has a locking portion locked from the base end side to a step portion formed on an inner peripheral surface of the insulator, and an electrode head closer to the base end side than the locking portion is;
the electrode head has a base end surface on which a concave portion is partially formed; and
the concave contour, which is an outer peripheral contour of the concave portion when viewed in a plug axis direction, forms a closed curve which is spaced apart from a head contour, which is an outer peripheral contour of the base end surface of the electrode head, and surrounds the center axis of the center electrode, and
the concave contour has outward portions each protruding toward the head contour and four inward portions each protruding toward the center axis of the center electrode, and wherein
the distance between the concave contour and the head contour is 0.1 mm or more; and
the four inward portions each has an inwardly curved shape protruding toward the center axis.
2. The spark plug for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the outward portions has a curved shape.
3. The spark plug for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 , wherein the curved line of at least one of the outward portions is configured by a combination of curved lines having a radius of curvature of 0.1 mm or more.
4. A spark plug for an internal combustion engine comprising:
a cylindrical housing;
a cylindrical insulator held inside the housing;
a center electrode held inside the insulator so that a tip end portion protrudes;
a ground electrode forming a spark discharge gap between the center electrode and the ground electrode; and
a conductive glass filled in the insulator so as to be located at a base end side of the center electrode, wherein
the center electrode has a locking portion locked from the base end side to a step portion formed on an inner peripheral surface of the insulator, and an electrode head closer to the base end side than the locking portion is;
the electrode head has a base end surface on which a concave portion is partially formed; and
the concave contour, which is an outer peripheral contour of the concave portion when viewed in a plug axis direction, forms a closed curve which is spaced apart from a head contour, which is an outer peripheral contour of the base end surface of the electrode head, and surrounds the center axis of the center electrode, and
the concave contour has an outward portion protruding toward the head contour and an inward portion protruding toward the center axis of the center electrode, and wherein
the distance between the concave contour and the head contour is 0.1 mm or more;
the concave contour includes N of the outward portions and N of the inward portions alternately arranged in a circumferential direction,
a 1st outward portion to an Nth outward portion are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction, and a 1st inward portion to an Nth inward portion are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction,
a kth outward portion and a kth inward portion are adjacent to each other, and
when Rk is a radius of a circumscribed circle of the kth outward portion centering on the central axis, and rk is a radius of an inscribed circle of the kth inward portion centering on the central axis B, a following expression is satisfied, where N is a natural number of 2 or more, k is a natural number of 1 to N, A=1.0 when N=2, and A=4.1 when N≥3:
[
Expression
1
]
∑
k
=
1
N
Rk
-
rk
Rk
×
N
0.9
≥
A
.
(
Expression
1
)
5. The spark plug for an internal combustion engine according to claim 4 , wherein in at least one pair of the outward portion and the inward portion adjacent to each other further satisfies a following expression, when the radius of the circumscribed circle of the outward portion is Rj, and the radius of the inscribed circle of the inward portion is rj:
( Rj−rj )/ Rj≤ 0.87 (Expression 2)
6. A spark plug for an internal combustion engine comprising:
a cylindrical housing;
a cylindrical insulator held inside the housing;
a center electrode held inside the insulator so that a tip end portion protrudes;
a ground electrode forming a spark discharge gap between the center electrode and the ground electrode; and
a conductive glass filled in the insulator so as to be located at a base end side of the center electrode, wherein
the center electrode has a locking portion locked from the base end side to a step portion formed on an inner peripheral surface of the insulator, and an electrode head closer to the base end side than the locking portion is;
the electrode head has a base end surface on which a concave portion is partially formed;
the concave contour, which is an outer peripheral contour of the concave portion when viewed in a plug axis direction, forms a closed curve which is spaced apart from a head contour, which is an outer peripheral contour of the base end surface of the electrode head, and surrounds the center axis of the center electrode, and
the concave contour has an outward portion protruding toward the head contour and an inward portion protruding toward the center axis of the center electrode; and
the concave contour includes N of the outward portions and N of the inward portions alternately arranged in a circumferential direction,
a 1st outward portion to an Nth outward portion are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction, and a 1st inward portion to an Nth inward portion are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction,
a kth outward portion and a kth inward portion are adjacent to each other, and
when Rk is a radius of a circumscribed circle of the kth outward portion centering on the central axis, and rk is a radius of an inscribed circle of the kth inward portion centering on the central axis B, a following expression (1) is satisfied, where N is a natural number of 2 or more, k is a natural number of 1 to N, A=1.0 when N=2, and A=4.1 when N≥3:
[
Expression
1
]
∑
k
=
1
N
Rk
-
rk
Rk
×
N
0.9
≥
A
.
(
Expression
1
)
7. The spark plug for an internal combustion engine according to claim 6 , wherein in at least one pair of the outward portion and the inward portion adjacent to each other further satisfies a following expression, when the radius of the circumscribed circle of the outward portion is Rj, and the radius of the inscribed circle of the inward portion is rj:
( Rj−rj )/ Rj≤ 0.87 (Expression 2)
8. The spark plug for an internal combustion engine according to claim 6 , wherein a distance between the concave contour and the head contour is 0.1 mm or more.