Toner
A toner including a toner particle containing a polyester resin composition, wherein i) the polyester resin composition contains a specific aliphatic hydrocarbon and a polyester resin having at a terminal a structure derived from at least one of a specific alkyl monoalcohol and a specific alkyl monocarboxylic acid, and ii) the total content of the aliphatic hydrocarbon, the structure derived from the alkyl monoalcohol, and the structure derived from the alkyl monocarboxylic acid is 2.5 to 10.0% by mass, wherein, in the temperature-endothermic quantity curve of the polyester resin composition obtained by DSC, an endothermic peak is present in a specific temperature range and an endothermic quantity for this endothermic peak is 0.10 to 1.90 J/g.
1. A toner, comprising:
a toner particle comprising a polyester resin composition with a percentage ratio of a total content of aliphatic hydrocarbon having an average carbon number of 27 to 50 and long-chain alkyl group to a mass of the polyester resin composition of 2.5 to 10.0% by mass, the polyester resin composition having a peak top temperature of an endothermic peak in a differential scanning calorimetric chart thereof of 60.0 to 90.0° C. with an endothermic quantity of the endothermic peak being 0.10 to 1.90 J/g, the polyester resin composition being obtained by at least one process selected from the group of processes I to IV, wherein
process I comprises:
(i) providing a composition (C) containing a long-chain alkyl monoalcohol having an average carbon number of 27 to 50, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon having an average carbon number of 27 to 50; and
(ii) mixing composition (C) with a polyester resin having a carboxyl group at the terminal end to react the long-chain alkyl monoalcohol with the carboxyl group to obtain a polyester resin having a long-chain alkyl group at the terminal thereof,
process II comprises:
(iii) providing a composition (D) containing a long chain-alkyl monocarboxylic acid having an average carbon number of 27 to 50, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon having an average carbon number of 27 to 50; and
(iv) mixing composition (D) with a polyester resin having a hydroxyl group at the terminal end to react the long-chain alkyl monocarboxylic acid with the hydroxyl group to obtain a polyester resin having a long-chain alkyl group at the terminal thereof,
process III comprises:
(v) providing a composition (E) containing a long-chain alkyl monoalcohol having an average carbon number of 27 to 50, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon having an average carbon number of 27 to 50; and
(vi) mixing composition (E) with a diol and a dicarboxylic acid to react the dicarboxylic acid with the long-chain alkyl monoalcohol and the diol to obtain a polyester resin having a long-chain alkyl group at the terminal thereof, and
process IV comprises:
(vii) providing a composition (F) containing a long-chain alkyl monocarboxylic acid having an average carbon number of 27 to 50, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon having an average carbon number of 27 to 50; and
(viii) mixing composition (F) with a diol and a dicarboxylic acid to react the diol with the dicarboxylic acid and the long-chain alkyl monocarboxylic acid to obtain a polyester resin having a long-chain alkyl group at the terminal thereof.
2. The toner according to claim 1 , where the polyester resin composition is prepared according to process I.
3. The toner according to claim 1 , where the polyester resin composition is prepared according to process II.
4. The toner according to claim 1 , where the polyester resin composition is prepared according to process III.
5. The toner according to claim 1 , where the polyester resin composition is prepared according to process IV.
6. A process for manufacturing a toner, comprising the steps of:
(I) producing a polyester resin composition with a percentage ratio of a total content of aliphatic hydrocarbon having an average carbon number of 27 to 50 and long-chain alkyl group to a mass of the polyester resin composition of 2.5 to 10.0% by mass, the polyester resin composition having a peak top temperature of an endothermic peak in a differential scanning calorimetric chart thereof of 60.0 to 90.0° C. with an endothermic quantity of the endothermic peak being 0.10 to 1.90 J/g, step (I) including at least one sub-process selected from the group of sub-processes Ito IV;
(II) melt-kneading the polyester resin composition and a colorant to obtain a melt-kneaded material; and
(III) pulverizing the melt-kneaded material to obtain a toner particle, wherein
sub-process I comprises:
(i) providing a composition (C) containing a long-chain alkyl monoalcohol having an average carbon number of 27 to 50, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon having an average carbon number of 27 to 50; and
(ii) mixing composition (C) with a polyester resin having a carboxyl group at the terminal end to react the long-chain alkyl monoalcohol with the carboxyl group to obtain a polyester resin having a long-chain alkyl group at the terminal thereof,
process II comprises:
(iii) providing a composition (D) containing a long chain-alkyl monocarboxylic acid having an average carbon number of 27 to 50, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon having an average carbon number of 27 to 50; and
(iv) mixing composition (D) with a polyester resin having a hydroxyl group at the terminal end to react the long-chain alkyl monocarboxylic acid with the hydroxyl group to obtain a polyester resin having a long-chain alkyl group at the terminal thereof,
process III comprises:
(v) providing a composition (E) containing a long-chain alkyl monoalcohol having an average carbon number of 27 to 50, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon having an average carbon number of 27 to 50; and
(vi) mixing composition (E) with a diol and a dicarboxylic acid to react the dicarboxylic acid with the long-chain alkyl monoalcohol and the diol to obtain a polyester resin having a long-chain alkyl group at the terminal thereof, and
process IV comprises:
(vii) providing a composition (F) containing a long-chain alkyl monocarboxylic acid having an average carbon number of 27 to 50, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon having an average carbon number of 27 to 50; and
(viii) mixing composition (F) with a diol and a dicarboxylic acid to react the diol with the dicarboxylic acid and the long-chain alkyl monocarboxylic acid to obtain a polyester resin having a long-chain alkyl group at the terminal thereof.
7. The process according to claim 6 , where the polyester resin composition is prepared according to process I.
8. The process according to claim 6 , where the polyester resin composition is prepared according to process II.
9. The process according to claim 6 , where the polyester resin composition is prepared according to process III.
10. The process according to claim 6 , where the polyester resin composition is prepared according to process IV.