Structural adhesive compositions
Disclosed herein are compositions including (a) a first component comprising (1) an epoxy-adduct that is the reaction product of reactants comprising a first epoxy compound, a polyol, and an anhydride and/or a diacid and (2) a second epoxy compound; (b) rubber particles having a core/shell structure and/or graphenic carbon particles; and (c) a second component that chemically reacts with the first component at ambient or slightly thermal conditions. Also disclosed herein are compositions including (a) an epoxy-capped flexibilizer; (b) a heat-activated latent curing agent; and optionally (c) rubber particles having a core/shell structure and/or graphenic carbon particles; (d) an epoxy/CTBN adduct; and/or (e) an epoxy/dimer acid adduct. The heat-activated latent curing agent may include at least one reaction product of reactants including an epoxy compound and an amine and/or an alkaloid.
1. A one-component composition comprising:
(a) 2% by weight to 40% by weight, based on total weight of the one-component composition, of an epoxy-capped flexibilizer comprising a reaction product of reactants comprising (i) an epoxy compound, (ii) an anhydride and/or a diacid, and (iii) a caprolactone;
(b) 3% by weight to 25% by weight, based on total weight of the one-component composition, of a heat-activated latent curing agent comprising dicyandiamide having a D98 maximum of 6 μm and a reaction product of reactants comprising an epoxy compound and an imidazole, wherein the epoxy compound comprises a polyepoxide and the molar ratio of the epoxy compound to the imidazole is 1:1 to 3:1;
(c) 5% by weight to 60% by weight, based on total weight of the one-component composition, of rubber particles having a core/shell structure and dispersed in an epoxy carrier resin; and
(d) 1% by weight to 15% by weight, based on total weight of the one-component composition, of an adduct of an epoxy compound and a dimer acid.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the epoxy compound reactant (i) comprises Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, phenyl diglycidyl ether, or combinations thereof.
3. The composition of claim 1 further comprising graphenic carbon particles, an epoxy/CTBN adduct or a combination thereof.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the heat-activated latent curing agent (b) further comprises 3,4-dichlorophenyl-N,N-dimethyl urea.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is curable at a temperature below 140° C.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is heat-curable within 15 minutes or less.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is heat-curable within 15 minutes or less at a temperature of below 140° C.
8. The composition of claim 1 , which, when applied at 1 mm thick to hot dipped galvanized metal with a bond area of 20 mm×10 mm×0.25 mm, and following heating, has a measured lap shear strength of at least 15 MPa when tested at room temperature.
9. A method of adhering articles comprising:
(a) applying the composition of claim 1 to at least one of the articles; and
(b) heating the composition at a temperature of less than 140° C. for a time of less than 15 minutes to cure the composition and thereby adhering the articles together.