Material sets
The present disclosure is drawn to material sets for 3-dimensional printing, 3-dimensional printing systems, and 3-dimensional printed parts. A material set can include a thermoplastic polymer powder having an average particle size from 20 μm to 100 μm, an x-ray contrast ink including a jettable x-ray contrast agent, and a fusing ink. The fusing ink can include a fusing agent capable of absorbing electromagnetic radiation to produce heat.
1. A material set, comprising:
a thermoplastic polymer powder having an average particle size from 20 μm to 100 μm;
an x-ray contrast ink comprising a jettable x-ray contrast agent; and
a fusing ink comprising a fusing agent capable of absorbing electromagnetic radiation to produce heat;
wherein the thermoplastic polymer powder comprises a nylon, a thermoplastic elastomer, a urethane, a polycarbonate, or a polystyrene.
2. The material set of claim 1 , wherein the jettable x-ray contrast agent comprises aluminum, iron, chromium, titanium, palladium, gold, nickel, zinc, tin, copper, silver, lead, bismuth, indium, gallium, tungsten, barium, iodine, calcium, or a combination thereof.
3. The material set of claim 1 , wherein the jettable x-ray contrast agent is thermally stable at temperatures up to 170° C.
4. The material set of claim 1 , wherein the jettable x-ray contrast agent is a particulate contrast agent having an average particle size from 10 nm to 200 nm.
5. A 3-dimensional printing system including the material set of claim 1 , comprising:
a powder bed comprising the thermoplastic polymer powder;
an inkjet printer comprising:
a first inkjet pen in communication with a reservoir of the x-ray contrast ink to print the x-ray contrast ink onto the powder bed, and
a second inkjet pen in communication with a reservoir of the fusing ink to print the fusing ink onto the powder bed; and
a fusing lamp to expose the powder bed to electromagnetic radiation sufficient to fuse thermoplastic polymer powder that has been printed with the x-ray contrast ink, the fusing ink, or both.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the jettable x-ray contrast agent is thermally stable at temperatures up to 170° C.
7. The system of claim 5 , wherein the fusing agent comprises carbon black, a near-infrared absorbing dye, a near-infrared absorbing pigment, a tungsten bronze, a molybdenum bronze, metal nanoparticles, a conjugated polymer, or combinations thereof.
8. The material set of claim 1 , wherein the x-ray contrast ink and the fusing ink are separate agents in separate printheads.
9. The material set of claim 1 , wherein the fusing agent comprises carbon black, a near-infrared absorbing dye, a near-infrared absorbing pigment, a tungsten bronze, a molybdenum bronze, metal nanoparticles, a conjugated polymer, or combinations thereof.
10. A material set, comprising:
a thermoplastic polymer powder having an average particle size from 20 μm to 100 μm;
an x-ray contrast ink comprising a jettable x-ray contrast agent; and
a fusing ink comprising a fusing agent capable of absorbing electromagnetic radiation to produce heat;
wherein the fusing agent comprises carbon black, a near-infrared absorbing dye, a near-infrared absorbing pigment, a tungsten bronze, a molybdenum bronze, metal nanoparticles, a conjugated polymer, or combinations thereof.
11. The material set of claim 10 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer powder comprises a nylon, a thermoplastic elastomer, a urethane, a polycarbonate, or a polystyrene.