Recombinant influenza viruses with stabilized HA for replication in eggs
Modified influenza virus neuraminidases are described herein that improve viral replication, thus improving the yield of vaccine viruses. Expression of such modified neuraminidases by influenza virus may also stabilize co-expressed hemagglutinins so that the hemagglutinins do not undergo mutation.
1. An isolated recombinant influenza virus comprising a selected NA viral segment encoding at least three selected residues in NA, wherein the residues are selected from residue A, I, G, or L at position 32; the residue N or Q at position 147: residue K, R or H at position 148: residue E, N or Q at position 151: residue S, T, I, L, A, N, W, Y, P, V, or G at position 245; residue D or E at position 329: residue S, T, P, Y, W, A, N, I, L, or V at position 346: residue G, Q, S, T, Y, C or W at position 347,
or any combination thereof, wherein the numbering is relative to SEQ ID NO:3, wherein the recombinant influenza virus has enhanced replication in avian eggs or has a reduction in HA mutations when grown in avian eggs relative to a corresponding influenza virus that has a NA that encodes a threonine at residue 32, does not have a deletion of residues 46 to 50, encodes an aspartic acid at position 147, encodes a threonine at residue 148, encodes an aspartic acid at residue 151, encodes an asparagine at residue 245, encodes an asparagine at residue 329, encodes a glycine at residue 346, encodes a histidine at residue 347, or any combination thereof.
2. The isolated recombinant influenza virus of claim 1 wherein the NA viral segment encodes a NA that has at least 90% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:49, SEQ ID NO:50 or SEQ ID NO:54.
3. The isolated recombinant influenza virus of claim 1 wherein the NA viral segment encodes a N2, N3, N7, or N9.
4. The isolated recombinant influenza virus of claim 1 wherein the residue at position 32 is A; the residue at position 147 is N; the residue at position 148 is K; the residue at position 151 is E; the residue at position 245 is S; the residue at position 329 is D; the residue at position 346 is V; the residue at position 347 is Q; or any combination thereof.
5. The isolated recombinant influenza virus of claim 1 wherein the residue at position 147 is N or Q, the residue at position 329 is D or E, the residue at position 347 is G or Q, or any combination thereof.
6. The isolated recombinant influenza virus of claim 1 wherein the residue at position 148 is K, R or H, the residue at position 151 is E, N or Q, the residue at position 245 is S, T, I, L, A, or V, or any combination thereof.
7. The isolated recombinant influenza virus of claim 1 which comprises PA, PB1, PB2, NP, M, and NS viral segments having at least 85% nucleic acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NOS: 24 to 29 or 39 to 44 or encoding a polypeptide having at least 80% amino acid sequence identity to a polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NOS: 24 to 29 or 39 to 44.
8. A method to prepare influenza virus, comprising: contacting a cell with:
a vector for vRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus PA DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, a vector for vRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus PB1 DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, a vector for vRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus PB2 DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, a vector for vRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus HA DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, a vector for vRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus NP DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, a vector for vRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus NA DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, a vector for vRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus M DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, and a vector for vRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus NS DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, wherein the PB1, PB2, PA, NP, NS, and M DNAs in the vectors for vRNA production are from one or more influenza vaccine virus isolates, wherein the NA DNA in the vector for vRNA production encodes a NA having at least three residues selected from residue A, I, G, L at position 32: the residue N or Q at position 147; residue K, R or H at position 148; residue E, N or Q at position 151; residue S, T, I, L, A, N, W, Y, P, V, or G at position 245; residue D or E at position 329; residue S, T, P, Y, W, A, N, I, L, or V at position 346; residue G, Q, S, T, Y, C or W at position 347, or any combination thereof, wherein the numbering for NA residues is relative to SEQ ID NO:3; and
a vector for mRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to a DNA segment encoding influenza virus PA, a vector for mRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to a DNA segment encoding influenza virus PB1, a vector for mRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to a DNA segment encoding influenza virus PB2, and a vector for mRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to a DNA segment encoding influenza virus NP, and optionally a vector for mRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to a DNA segment encoding influenza virus HA, a vector for mRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to a DNA segment encoding influenza virus NA, a vector for mRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to a DNA segment encoding influenza virus M1a vector for mRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to a DNA segment encoding influenza virus M2, or a vector for mRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to a DNA segment encoding influenza virus NS2; in an amount effective to yield infectious influenza virus.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the NA has at least 90% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:49, or SEQ ID NO:54.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein the residue at position 147 is N; the residue at position 329 is D; the residue at position 347 is Q; the residue at position 151 is E; the residue at position 148 is K; or the residue at position 245 is S.
11. The method of claim 8 wherein the virus comprises PA, PB1, PB2, NP, M, and NS viral segments having at least 85% nucleic acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NOS: 24 to 29 or 39 to 44 or encoding a polypeptide having at least 80% amino acid sequence identity to a polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NOS: 24 to 29 or 39 to 44.
12. An isolated virus prepared by the method of claim 8 .
13. A method of immunizing an avian or a mammal, comprising: administering to the avian or the mammal a composition having an effective amount of the virus of claim 1 .
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the composition comprises at least one other different influenza virus.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein the mammal is a human.
16. The method of claim 13 wherein the composition is administered intranasally.
17. The method of claim 13 wherein the composition is administered via injection.
18. A method comprising passaging the virus of claim 1 in eggs.