Method for inserting an object into an object-receiving area using a robot manipulator

1. A method of inserting an object into an object-receiving area by an actuator-driven robot manipulator of a robot and controlling the robot manipulator, wherein the robot manipulator has an effector at its distal end, designed to receive and/or grip the object, and wherein an inserting trajectory T is defined for the object-receiving area and the object to be inserted, and a target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ) of the object to be inserted is defined along the inserting trajectory T for locations {right arrow over (R)} T of the inserting trajectory T, the method comprising the following steps:

1.1 receiving/gripping the object using the effector;

1.2 moving the object using the robot manipulator along the inserting trajectory {right arrow over (T)} into the object-receiving area while continuously performing predetermined tilting motions of the object that are closed and cyclical motions relative to the target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ) via a force-regulated and/or impedance-regulated control of the robot manipulator, until:

a specific threshold condition G1 for a torque acting on the effector and/or a force acting on the effector is reached or exceeded, and/or

a provided force/torque signature and/or a position/speed signature on the effector is reached or exceeded, which indicate(s) that the object has been completely successfully inserted into the object-receiving area within specified tolerances;

1.3 releasing the object by the effector; and

1.4 moving the effector away from the object-receiving area using the robot manipulator along a specified exit trajectory A.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein releasing the object in step 1.3 takes place by continuously performing force-regulated and/or impedance-regulated tilting motions.

3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising making translational lateral motions of the effector with the object in step 1.2 and/or step 1.3 around the inserting trajectory T/exit trajectory A.

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the tilting motions in step 1.2 and/or in step 1.3 tilt the object around one, two, or three tilting axes relative to the target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ), such that the tilting of the object around the tilting axis is by an angle in a range of up to ±1°, ±2°, ±5°, ±7°, ±10°, ±12°, ±15° to the target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ).

5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein, if during the receiving/gripping of the object by the effector in step 1.1 an error should occur, repeating the receiving/gripping of the object by the effector with different parameters for receiving/gripping the object.

6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein, to an extent that an error should occur when the object is moved by the robot manipulator along the inserting trajectory T in the inserting direction into the object-receiving area, repeating moving the object using the robot manipulator into the object-receiving area along a modified inserting trajectory T* and/or with modified parameters for the force-regulated and/or impedance-regulated tilting motions of the object relative to the target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ).

7. A robot with an actuator-driven robot manipulator to insert an object into an object-receiving area, wherein the robot manipulator has an effector at its distal end, designed to receive and/or grip the object, and wherein an inserting trajectory T is defined for the object-receiving area and the object to be inserted, and a target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ) ° f the object to be inserted is defined along the inserting trajectory T for locations {right arrow over (R)} T of the inserting trajectory T, the robot comprising a control unit designed to perform operations comprising:

11.1 receiving/gripping the object using the effector;

11.2 moving the object using the robot manipulator along the inserting trajectory {right arrow over (T)} into the object-receiving area while continuously performing predetermined tilting motions of the object that are closed and cyclical motions relative to the target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ) via a force-regulated and/or impedance-regulated control of the robot manipulator, until:

a specific threshold condition G1 for a torque acting on the effector and/or a force acting on the effector is reached or exceeded, and/or

a provided force/torque signature and/or a position/speed signature on the effector is reached or exceeded, which indicate(s) that the object has been completely successfully inserted into the object-receiving area within specified tolerances;

11.3 releasing the object by the effector; and

11.4 moving the effector away from the object-receiving area using the robot manipulator along a specified exit trajectory A.

8. The robot according to claim 7 , wherein the releasing the object in operation 11.3 takes place by continuously performing force-regulated and/or impedance-regulated tilting motions.

9. The robot according to claim 7 , further comprising making translational lateral motions of the effector with the object in operation 11.2 and/or operation 11.3 around the inserting trajectory T/exit trajectory A.

10. The robot according to claim 7 , wherein the tilting motions in operation 11.2 and/or in operation 11.3 rotate or tilt the object around one, two, or three tilting axes relative to the target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ), such that the tilting of the object around the tilting axis is by an angle in a range of up to ±1°, ±2°, ±5°, ±7°, ±10°, ±12°, ±15° to the target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ).

11. The robot according to claim 7 , wherein, if during the receiving/gripping of the object by the effector in operation 11.1 an error should occur, repeating the receiving/gripping of the object by the effector with different parameters for receiving/gripping the object.

12. The robot according to claim 7 , wherein, to an extent that an error should occur when the object is moved by the robot manipulator along the inserting trajectory T in the inserting direction into the object-receiving area, repeating movement of the object using the robot manipulator into the object-receiving area along a modified inserting trajectory T* and/or with modified parameters for the force-regulated and/or impedance-regulated tilting motions of the object relative to the target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ).

13. A system to insert an object into an object-receiving area by an actuator-driven robot manipulator of a robot and control the robot manipulator, wherein the robot manipulator has an effector at its distal end, designed to receive and/or grip the object, and wherein an inserting trajectory T is defined for the object-receiving area and the object to be inserted, and a target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ) of the object to be inserted is defined along the inserting trajectory T for locations {right arrow over (R)} T of the inserting trajectory T, the system comprising:

a data processing device; and

storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by the data processing device, cause the data processing device to perform operations comprising:

11.1 receiving/gripping the object using the effector;

11.2 moving the object using the robot manipulator along the inserting trajectory T into the object-receiving area while continuously performing predetermined tilting motions of the object that are closed and cyclical motions relative to the target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ) via a force-regulated and/or impedance-regulated control of the robot manipulator, until:

a specific threshold condition G1 for a torque acting on the effector and/or a force acting on the effector is reached or exceeded, and/or

a provided force/torque signature and/or a position/speed signature on the effector is reached or exceeded, which indicate(s) that the object has been completely successfully inserted into the object-receiving area within specified tolerances;

11.3 releasing the object by the effector; and

11.4 moving the effector away from the object-receiving area using the robot manipulator along a specified exit trajectory A.

14. A non-transitory storage medium storing instructions to insert an object into an object-receiving area, wherein the robot manipulator has an effector at its distal end, designed to receive and/or grip the object, and wherein an inserting trajectory T is defined for the object-receiving area and the object to be inserted, and a target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ) ° f the object to be inserted is defined along the inserting trajectory T for locations {right arrow over (R)} T of the inserting trajectory T, the instructions when executed by a data processing device cause the data processing device to perform operations comprising:

11.1 receiving/gripping the object using the effector;

11.2 moving the object using the robot manipulator along the inserting trajectory {right arrow over (T)} into the object-receiving area while continuously performing predetermined tilting motions of the object that are closed and cyclical motions relative to the target orientation O soll ({right arrow over (R)} T ) via a force-regulated and/or impedance-regulated control of the robot manipulator, until:

a specific threshold condition G1 for a torque acting on the effector and/or a force acting on the effector is reached or exceeded, and/or

a provided force/torque signature and/or a position/speed signature on the effector is reached or exceeded, which indicate(s) that the object has been completely successfully inserted into the object-receiving area within specified tolerances;

11.3 releasing the object by the effector; and

11.4 moving the effector away from the object-receiving area using the robot manipulator along a specified exit trajectory A.