Actuator system
An actuator system for controlling a movable surface has a main shaft connected between a power drive unit and the movable surface to transmit a command from the power drive unit to move the movable surface. If a failure in the main shaft is detected a failure control device connects a secondary shaft from the movable surface to the power drive unit e.g. by releasing a solenoid which releases gears so as to permit differential rotations between an outer ring and a sun gear of a planetary gear system, within prescribed limits. When these limits are exceeded, the solenoid brake is de-energised braking the planetary gear outer ring and tying the gears through an epicycle ratio corresponding to the ratio of gears connecting the main and secondary shafts. The gear system acts as a low mass asymmetry brake that allows post-failure operation of the surface control.
1. An actuator system for moving a moveable surface, the system comprising:
a power drive unit to provide a command to move the moveable surface;
a main drive shaft operably connected at a first end to the power drive unit, the second end of the main drive shaft being arranged to connect, in use, to the moveable surface, the main drive shaft transmitting the command from the power drive unit to the moveable surface in the form of rotation of the main drive shaft;
a plurality of actuators along the main driveshaft between the first end and the second end of the main drive shaft, via which the command is transmitted to the moveable surface;
the actuator system further comprising a secondary drive shaft having a first end connectable to the power drive unit via a failure control device and a second end connected to the second end of the main drive shaft via a gear arrangement;
the failure control device comprising means for identifying a failure between the first end and the second end of the main drive shaft and, in response thereto, means for causing the secondary drive shaft to be connected to the power drive unit such that the command is transmitted to the moveable surface via the secondary drive shaft as rotation of the secondary shaft;
wherein the failure control device comprises:
a planetary gear system comprising a sun gear connected for rotation by the power drive unit;
a planetary gear in meshing gear connection with the sun gear; and
an outer ring in meshing gear connection with the planetary gear;
wherein, in normal operation, when there is no failure between the first and second ends of the main shaft, rotation of the outer ring with respect to rotation of the sun gear corresponds to rotation of the second end of the main shaft with respect to rotation of the first end of the main shaft and the secondary shaft is not connected to the power drive unit via the planetary gear system.
2. The actuator system of claim 1 , wherein the means for causing the secondary drive shaft to be connected to the power drive unit comprises means for detecting whether there is a difference between rotation of speed or position of the first end of the main drive shaft and rotation of speed or position of the second end of the main drive shaft that exceeds a predetermined threshold.
3. The actuator system of claim 2 , wherein the means for determining the difference is configured to detect a difference in rotational position of the first end of the secondary drive shaft and the second end of the main drive shaft.
4. The actuator system of claim 1 , wherein the means for identifying a failure comprises means for comparing a rotational speed or position of the outer ring with respect to a rotational speed and/or position of the first end of the main shaft and determining if any difference exceeds a predetermined threshold.
5. The actuator system of claim 4 , wherein if the means for comparing determines that the difference exceeds the predetermined threshold, the failure control device is configured to actuate a braking mechanism configured to brake rotation of the outer ring relative to rotation of the sun gear thus connecting the secondary shaft to the power drive unit to rotate with the sun gear.
6. The actuator system of claim 5 , wherein the braking mechanism comprises a solenoid brake.
7. The actuator system of claim 5 , wherein the braking mechanism comprises an hydraulic brake.
8. The actuator system of claim 5 , wherein the brake mechanism comprises a plurality of plates or clamps that brake the outer ring relative to the sun gear on operation of the brake.
9. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the secondary drive shaft is a flexible shaft.
10. A flap control arrangement for moving a flap of an aircraft comprising:
the actuator system of claim 1 ; and
the movable surface, the movable surface being a wing or tail flap of an aircraft.