Articles including glass and/or glass-ceramics and methods of making the same
A glass-ceramic includes a silicate-containing glass and crystals within the silicate-containing glass. The crystals include non-stoichiometric tungsten and/or molybdenum sub-oxides, and the crystals are intercalated with dopant cations.
1. A method of making an article from glass-ceramic comprising precipitates of formula M x WO 3 and/or M x MoO 3 , where 0<x<1 and M is a dopant cation, the method comprising:
bleaching a region of the glass-ceramic such that the region has a lesser concentration of the precipitates than adjoining glass-ceramic,
wherein, after the bleaching, the region is a different color than the adjoining glass-ceramic.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the bleaching comprises rastering a laser over the region.
3. A glass-ceramic article comprising:
precipitates of formula M x WO 3 and/or M x MoO 3 , where 0<x<1 and M is a dopant cation; and
a region of the article having a lesser concentration of the precipitates than adjoining glass-ceramic of the article,
wherein the region has a different color than the adjoining glass-ceramic.
4. The article of claim 3 , wherein the precipitates have a length of from about 1 nm to about 200 nm as measured by Electron Microscopy.
5. The article of claim 3 , wherein the precipitates are homogenously distributed within the glass-ceramic adjoining the region.
6. The article of claim 3 , wherein at least some of the precipitates are at a depth of greater than about 10 μm from a surface of the article.
7. The article of claim 3 , wherein a volume fraction of precipitates in the glass-ceramic adjoining the region is from about 0.001% to about 20%.
8. The article of claim 3 , wherein the dopant cation is H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Ag, Au, Cu, Sn, Cd, In, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, U, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Pd, Se, Ta, Bi, and/or Ce.
9. The article of claim 3 , wherein the glass-ceramic adjoining the region has transmittance of about 1%/mm or greater over at least one 50 nm-wide wavelength band of light in a range from about 400 nm to about 700 nm.
10. The article of claim 9 , wherein the glass-ceramic adjoining the region has absorption of at least 90%/mm for light in at least one 50 nm-wide wavelength band of light in the ultraviolet portion of the spectrum.
11. The article of claim 9 , wherein the glass-ceramic adjoining the region has absorption of at least 90%/mm for light in at least one 50 nm-wide wavelength band of light in the near-infrared portion of the spectrum and the region is not absorptive in the near-infrared portion.
12. A glass-ceramic article comprising:
precipitates of formula M x WO 3 and/or M x MoO 3 , where 0<x<1 and M is cations of Ag, Au, and/or Cu; and
a region of the article having a lesser concentration of the precipitates than adjoining glass-ceramic of the article,
wherein the region has a different color than the adjoining glass-ceramic.
13. The article of claim 12 , wherein the precipitates have a length of from about 1 nm to about 200 nm as measured by Electron Microscopy.
14. The article of claim 12 , wherein the precipitates are homogenously distributed within the glass-ceramic adjoining the region.
15. The article of claim 12 , wherein at least some of the precipitates are at a depth of greater than about 10 μm from a surface of the article.
16. The article of claim 12 , wherein the precipitates have a rod- or needle-morphology.
17. The article of claim 12 , wherein a volume fraction of precipitates in the glass-ceramic adjoining the region is from about 0.001% to about 20% and wherein the lesser concentration in the region is zero precipitates.
18. The article of claim 12 , wherein the glass-ceramic adjoining the region has transmittance of about 1%/mm or greater over at least one 50 nm-wide wavelength band of light in a range from about 400 nm to about 700 nm.
19. The article of claim 18 , wherein the glass-ceramic adjoining the region has absorption of at least 90%/mm for light in at least one 50 nm-wide wavelength band of light in the ultraviolet portion of the spectrum.
20. The article of claim 18 , wherein the glass-ceramic adjoining the region has absorption of at least 90%/mm for light in at least one 50 nm-wide wavelength band of light in the near-infrared portion of the spectrum and the region is not absorptive in the near-infrared portion.