Fabrication of corrugated gate dielectric structures using atomic layer etching
Integrated circuit structures, arrangements, and manufacturing processes are discussed herein. In one example, a method of forming a transistor structure includes forming a dielectric layer onto a gate element and forming a corrugated surface into the dielectric layer using at least an atomic layer etching (ALE) process to remove portions of the dielectric layer. The method also includes forming a semiconductor layer onto the corrugated surface and forming a source element and a drain element onto the semiconductor layer.
1. A method of forming a transistor structure, comprising:
forming a dielectric layer onto a gate element;
forming a first corrugated pattern with masking material on the dielectric layer;
forming a sacrificial layer of metal oxide onto the first corrugated pattern and the dielectric layer;
removing the masking material and at least a portion of sacrificial layer on the masking material to leave a patterning of the sacrificial layer defining corrugations on the dielectric layer; and
with an atomic layer etching (ALE) process, etching the dielectric layer to a selected depth and concurrently removing the patterning of the sacrificial layer to form a corrugated surface;
forming a semiconductor layer onto the corrugated surface; and
forming a source element and a drain element onto the semiconductor layer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dielectric layer comprises SiO 2 , and wherein the semiconductor layer comprises an organic semiconductor material.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a selected thickness of the sacrificial layer corresponds approximately to reaching the selected depth in the dielectric layer at completion of removal of the sacrificial layer.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the sacrificial layer comprises an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process to deposit the metal oxide onto the first corrugated pattern and the dielectric layer.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the ALD process includes deposition of the metal oxide with a binary reaction comprising repeated cycles among steps (a) to (d) to reach a selected thickness of the metal oxide, steps (a) to (d) comprising:
(a) exposure to trimethylaluminum (TMA);
(b) purge with inert gas;
(c) exposure to water; and
(d) purge with inert gas.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein etching to the selected depth with the ALE process comprises repeated cycles among steps (a) to (d) to reach the selected depth, steps (a) to (d) comprising:
(a) exposure to trimethylaluminum (TMA);
(b) purge with inert gas;
(c) exposure to hydrogen fluoride (HF);
(d) purge with the inert gas.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dielectric layer comprises SiO 2 , wherein the metal oxide comprises Al 2 O 3 , and wherein the semiconductor layer comprises an organic semiconductor material.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the selected depth comprises 20 nanometers (nm)+/−1 nm.
9. A method of forming a semiconductor structure, comprising:
forming a dielectric layer;
forming a first corrugated pattern with masking material on the dielectric layer;
forming a sacrificial layer onto the first corrugated pattern and the dielectric layer;
removing the masking material and at least a portion of sacrificial layer on the masking material to leave a second corrugated pattern of the sacrificial layer; and
forming corrugations in the dielectric layer by at least atomic layer etching (ALE) the dielectric layer to a selected depth and concurrent with removing the second corrugated pattern.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein ALE to the selected depth comprises repeated cycles among steps (a) to (d) to reach the selected depth, steps (a) to (d) comprising:
(a) exposure to trimethylaluminum (TMA);
(b) purge with inert gas;
(c) exposure to hydrogen fluoride (HF);
(d) purge with the inert gas.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein forming the sacrificial layer comprises an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process to deposit a metal oxide of a selected thickness onto the first corrugated pattern and the dielectric layer.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the selected thickness of the sacrificial layer corresponds approximately to reaching the selected depth in the dielectric layer at completion of removal of the sacrificial layer.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the ALD process includes deposition of the metal oxide with a binary reaction comprising repeated cycles among steps (a) to (d) to reach a selected thickness of the metal oxide, steps (a) to (d) comprising:
(a) exposure to trimethylaluminum (TMA);
(b) purge with inert gas;
(c) exposure to water; and
(d) purge with inert gas.
14. The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
forming the dielectric layer onto a gate element;
forming a semiconductor layer onto the dielectric layer after formation of the corrugations; and
forming a source element and a drain element onto the semiconductor layer.
15. The method of claim 9 , wherein the dielectric layer comprises SiO 2 , and wherein the sacrificial layer comprises Al 2 O 3 .
16. A semiconductor structure, comprising:
a dielectric layer;
a corrugated surface formed into the dielectric layer using at least an atomic layer etching (ALE) process to remove portions of the dielectric layer; and
a semiconductor layer formed onto the corrugated surface.