Wireless patch system for transdermal, transmucosal and dental electrical drug delivery
Methods and systems for delivering drug particles to a target site are disclosed. An example method for implementing the subject matter described herein includes applying a drug delivery patch to a target site. The drug delivery patch can include a substrate, an electrode integrated with the substrate, and a fluid in the substrate having drug particles suspended in the fluid. The method further includes transmitting a signal to the drug delivery patch to power the drug delivery patch by inductive coupling. Powering the drug delivery patch causes the electrode in the drug delivery patch to motivate the drug particles towards a target site of the drug delivery patch.
1. A system comprising:
a drug delivery patch comprising:
a substrate;
an electrode integrated with the substrate, wherein the electrode comprises an interdigitated array electrode (IDE) or a portion of an IDE;
a plurality of receiving coils;
a plurality of envelope detectors coupled to the receiving coils and configured to demodulate an output from the receiving coils to supply a plurality of waveforms to the electrode; and
a fluid in the substrate having drug particles suspended in the fluid; and
a remote power unit for the drug delivery patch, the remote power unit comprising:
an antenna; and
a circuit configured to drive the antenna to emit a wireless signal comprising a plurality of amplitude modulated carrier signals to the drug delivery patch to power the drug delivery patch by inductive coupling, thereby causing the receiving coils and the envelope detectors to supply a demodulated signal to the electrode in the drug delivery patch to motivate the drug particles towards a target site of the drug delivery patch;
wherein the drug delivery patch is a passive electrical device powered by the remote power unit and the electrode of the drug delivery patch is configured to passively generate, from the wireless signal, an electrical field that motivates the drug particles towards the target via alternating current electroosmosis (ACEO) induced by biased alternating current electrokinetics (ACEK) signals recovered from the wireless signal, and wherein the ACEO induced by the biased ACEK signals causes two counter-rotating vortices above the electrode to motivate the drug particles.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the antenna of the remote power unit comprises a transmitting coil.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the envelope detectors comprise resistor-capacitor (RC) envelope detectors.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the waveforms are biphasic waveforms for charge balance.
5. The system of claim 3 , wherein the receiving coils and the RC envelope detectors are monolithically integrated.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the circuit comprises a pair of modulated voltage sources to generate the amplitude modulated carrier signals.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the circuit and the receiving coils are configured so that the carrier signals undergo resonance at the receiving coils.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the drug particles comprise antibiotics, anesthetics, analgesics and/or anti-inflammatory drug particles.