Fiber-reinforced polymer composite components for vehicle body structures and methods of making the same
Presented are fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite components for vehicle body structures, methods for making/using such components, and motor vehicles equipped with such components. A vehicle body structure includes one or more elongated support rails (e.g., a pair of lateral roof rails) each with an inner contoured rail panel joined to an outer contoured rail panel to define an internal rail cavity. One or more elongated support pillars (e.g., front, side, and/or back vehicle pillars) adjoin the support rail(s) and each includes an inner contoured pillar panel joined to an outer contoured pillar panel to define an internal pillar cavity coupled to the internal rail cavity. One or both contoured pillar panels and one or both contoured rail panels is/are formed, in whole or in part, from an FRP material. A structural reinforcement insert may be located inside the adjoined pillar and rail, filling a discrete region within the internal cavities.
1. A vehicle body structure for a motor vehicle, the vehicle body structure comprising:
an elongated support rail including a first contoured rail panel joined to a second contoured rail panel to define therebetween an internal rail cavity, the first and/or second contoured rail panels including a first fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) material; and
an elongated support pillar adjoining the support rail and including a first contoured pillar panel joined to a second contoured pillar panel to define therebetween an internal pillar cavity coupled to the internal rail cavity, the first and/or second contoured pillar panels including a second FRP material.
2. The vehicle body structure of claim 1 , wherein the first contoured rail panel includes a pair of outwardly projecting first flanges, and the second contoured rail panel includes a pair of outwardly projecting second flanges each mounted to a respective one of the first flanges.
3. The vehicle body structure of claim 2 , wherein one of the second flanges of the second contoured rail panel has a lateral flange width and a longitudinal flange length, the longitudinal flange length extending along a fore-aft length of the vehicle body structure, and the lateral flange width varying along the fore-aft length of the vehicle body structure.
4. The vehicle body structure of claim 3 , wherein the internal rail cavity has a non-uniform transverse cross-section varying along the fore-aft length of the vehicle body structure.
5. The vehicle body structure of claim 1 , wherein the first contoured rail panel and the first contoured pillar panel each includes at least three substantially flat first panel segments, and wherein each of the first panel segments is connected to and projects at an oblique angle from another of the first panel segments.
6. The vehicle body structure of claim 1 , wherein the second contoured rail panel and the second contoured pillar panel each includes at least three substantially flat second panel segments, and wherein each of the second panel segments is connected to and projects at an oblique angle from another of the second panel segments.
7. The vehicle body structure of claim 1 , wherein the support rail further includes a third contoured rail panel joined along a first side thereof to the first contoured rail panel and along a second side thereof to the second contoured rail panel, the third contoured rail panel including a third FRP material.
8. The vehicle body structure of claim 7 , wherein the third contoured rail panel has a lateral rail width and a longitudinal rail length, the longitudinal rail length extending along a fore-aft length of the vehicle body structure, and the lateral rail width varying along the fore-aft length.
9. The vehicle body structure of claim 7 , wherein the first, second and third FRP materials are a thermoset carbon-fiber polymer (CFP) composite material.
10. The vehicle body structure of claim 1 , wherein the motor vehicle includes a front windshield and a roof panel, wherein the vehicle body structure further comprises front and rear headers, and wherein the support rail is a roof rail cooperatively configured with the front and rear headers to buttress the roof panel, and the support pillar is an A-pillar cooperating with the front header to at least partially define a window frame configured to buttress the front windshield.
11. The vehicle body structure of claim 1 , wherein the first contoured rail panel is integrally formed with the first contoured pillar panel as a first single-piece structure, and the second contoured rail panel is integrally formed with the second contoured pillar panel as a second single-piece structure.
12. The vehicle body structure of claim 1 , further comprising a structural reinforcement insert located inside the support pillar and the support rail and filling a discrete region within the interconnected internal rail cavity and internal pillar cavity.
13. The vehicle body structure of claim 12 , wherein the structural reinforcement insert includes an elongated polymeric-foam insert and/or an elongated honeycomb insert.
14. A motor vehicle comprising:
a vehicle body with an upper body structure adjoining a lower body structure; and
a prime mover mounted on the vehicle body and operable to propel the motor vehicle, wherein the upper body structure includes:
first and second elongated roof rails extending longitudinally along a fore-aft length of the motor vehicle and buttressing thereon a roof panel, the first and second roof rails each including a respective first contoured rail panel joined to a respective second contoured rail panel to define therebetween a respective internal rail cavity, the first and/or second contoured rail panels including a first fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) material; and
first and second elongated support pillars projecting downwardly from and adjoining the first and second roof rails, respectively, to define a window frame, the first and second support pillars each including a respective first contoured pillar panel joined to a respective second contoured pillar panel to define therebetween a respective internal pillar cavity, wherein each of the internal pillar cavities is coupled to a respective one of the internal rail cavities, and the first and/or second contoured pillar panels including a second FRP material.
15. A method of manufacturing a vehicle body structure for a motor vehicle, the method comprising:
forming an elongated support rail by joining a first contoured rail panel to a second contoured rail panel to define therebetween an internal rail cavity, the first and/or second contoured rail panels including a first fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) material;
forming an elongated support pillar by joining a first contoured pillar panel to a second contoured pillar panel to define therebetween an internal pillar cavity, the first and/or second contoured pillar panels including a second FRP material; and
attaching the elongated support pillar to the elongated support rail such that the internal rail cavity is coupled to the internal pillar cavity.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the first contoured rail panel includes a pair of outwardly projecting first flanges, and the second contoured rail panel includes a pair of outwardly projecting second flanges each mounted to a respective one of the first flanges, one of the second flanges having a lateral flange width varying along a fore-aft length of the vehicle body structure.
17. The method of claim 16 , the internal rail cavity has a non-uniform transverse cross-section varying along the fore-aft length of the vehicle body structure.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the support rail further includes a third contoured rail panel joined to the first contoured rail panel and to the second contoured rail panel, the third contoured rail panel including a third FRP material, the third contoured rail panel having a lateral rail width varying along a fore-aft length of the vehicle body structure.
19. The method of claim 15 , further comprising locating a structural reinforcement insert inside the support pillar and the support rail such that the structural reinforcement insert fills a discrete region within the internal rail cavity and the internal pillar cavity.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein attaching the support pillar to the support rail includes integrally forming the first contoured rail panel with the first contoured pillar panel as a first single-piece FRP structure, and integrally forming the second contoured rail panel with the second contoured pillar panel as a second single-piece FRP structure.