Conductive, anticorrosive magnesium titanium oxide material
An anticorrosive, conductive material includes a first oxide having oxygen vacancies and a formula (I): MgTi 2 O 5-δ (I), where δ is any number between 0 and 3 optionally including a fractional part denoting the oxygen vacancies; and a second oxide having a formula (II): Ti a O b (II), where 1<=a<=20 and 1<=b<=30, optionally including a fractional part, the first and second oxides of formulas (I) and (II) forming a polycrystalline matrix.
1. An anticorrosive, conductive material comprising:
a first oxide having oxygen vacancies and a formula (I):
MgTi 2 O 5-δ (I),
where δ is any number between 0 and 3 including a fractional part denoting the oxygen vacancies; and
a second oxide having a formula (II):
Ti a O b (II),
where 1<=a<=20 and 1<=b<=30, optionally including a fractional part,
the first and second oxides of formulas (I) and (II) forming a polycrystalline matrix.
2. The material of claim 1 , wherein the second oxide is metallic.
3. The material of claim 1 , wherein Ti a O b is Ti 2 O 3 .
4. The material of claim 3 , wherein Ti 2 O 3 forms a segregated polycrystalline phase.
5. The material of claim 3 , wherein Ti 2 O 3 is located within about 1 nm to about 100 μm from grain boundaries of the matrix.
6. The material of claim 1 , wherein the matrix comprises at least about 0.5 wt. % Ti a O b , based on the total weight of the material.
7. The material of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second oxides of formulas (I) and (II) comprises a dopant including Ge, Nb, Mo, Sn, Ta, W, or a combination thereof.
8. The material of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second oxides of formulas (I) and (II) comprises a conducting agent.
9. A fuel cell system comprising:
an anticorrosive, conductive polycrystalline matrix having:
a first metal oxide having oxygen vacancies and a formula (I):
MgTi 2 O 5-δ (I),
where δ is any number between 0 and 3 including a fractional part denoting the oxygen vacancies; and
a second metal oxide having a formula (II):
Ti a O b (II),
where 1<=a<=20 and 1<=b<=30, optionally including a fractional part.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein Ti a O b is Ti 2 O 3 .
11. The system of claim 10 , wherein Ti 2 O 3 forms a segregated polycrystalline phase within the matrix.
12. The system of claim 10 , wherein Ti 2 O 3 is located about 1 nm to about 100 μm from grain boundaries of the matrix.
13. The system of claim 9 , wherein the matrix comprises about at least about 0.5 wt. % Ti a O b , based on the total weight of the matrix.
14. The system of claim 9 , wherein at least one of the first and second oxides comprises a dopant including Ge, Nb, Mo, Sn, Ta, W, or a combination thereof.
15. The system of claim 9 further comprising a bipolar plate including the anticorrosive, conductive polycrystalline matrix.
16. A fuel cell catalyst support material comprising:
a first metal oxide having oxygen vacancies and a formula (I):
MgTi 2 O 5-δ (I),
where δ is any number between 0 and 3 including a fractional part denoting the oxygen vacancies; and
a second metal oxide having a formula (II):
Ti a O b (II),
where 1<=a<=20 and 1<=b<=30, optionally including a fractional part,
the first and second oxides forming a polycrystalline matrix.
17. The material of claim 16 , wherein Ti a O b is Ti 2 O 3 .
18. The material of claim 17 , wherein Ti 2 O 3 forms a segregated polycrystalline phase.
19. The material of claim 17 , wherein Ti 2 O 3 is located about 1 nm to about 100 μm from grain boundaries of the matrix.
20. The material of claim 16 , wherein the matrix comprises at least about 0.5 wt. % Ti a O b , based on the total weight of the material.