Microfluidic tissue dissociation device and method
A tissue dissociation device includes an inlet coupled to a first stage having a single channel having an upstream end and a downstream end; a plurality of serially arranged intermediate stages, wherein a first intermediate stage of the plurality is fluidically coupled to the downstream end of the first stage, and wherein each subsequent intermediate stage of the plurality has an increasing number of channels (with channels of smaller dimensions); and an outlet coupled to a last stage of the intermediate stages.
1. A method of dissociating tissue comprising:
obtaining a sample of tissue from a subject;
pumping the sample of tissue into a tissue dissociation device comprising an inlet, a plurality of serially arranged stages of channels, each channel defined by a continuous expansion and constriction of the channel width, wherein the plurality of serially arranged stages each split into a multiple channels having a decreased channel width as compared to the channel width of a preceding stage with each serially arranged stage of decreased width generating jets of fluid with increasing dissociation power, and an outlet; and
collecting the processed sample from the outlet after pumping the tissue sample through the plurality of serially arranged stages of channels, wherein the processed sample contains dissociated tissue that comprises clusters of cells or single cells.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample of tissue is pumped through the plurality of serially arranged stages of channels in multiple passes.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the multiple passes comprises pumping the sample of tissue through the plurality of serially arranged stages of channels in a first direction followed by pumping the sample of tissue through the plurality of serially arranged stages of channels in a second, opposing direction.
4. The method of claim 2 wherein a syringe pump is used to pump the sample of tissue in multiple passes through the plurality of serially arranged stages of channels in repeated forward and reverse directions.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein when pumping in the reverse direction, a buffer solution fluidically connected to the tissue dissociation device via a valve is pulled through the tissue dissociation device by the syringe pump.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein a filter is connected to the outlet, wherein the filter allows the passage of single cells while retaining cell aggregates.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample of tissue is pumped using an external pump.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of stages are located in different layers of the tissue dissociation device.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tissue is treated with a proteolytic enzyme prior to or during pumping the sample into the tissue dissociation device.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the processed sample is filtered prior to collection.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tissue comprises tumor tissue.