Electrified vehicle thermal management systems with combinable battery pack and electric drive component cooling circuits
This disclosure details thermal management systems for thermally managing battery packs and other electric drive components of electrified vehicles. An exemplary thermal management system may include a battery cooling circuit and an e-drive cooling circuit. The e-drive cooling circuit may be fluidly connected to the battery cooling circuit by a combination of valves and coolant lines during or in anticipation of certain vehicle conditions, such as high load operating conditions, to augment cooling of electric drive components during the high load operating conditions.
1. A thermal management system, comprising:
a battery pack;
a battery cooling circuit configured to thermally manage the battery pack;
an electric drive component;
an e-drive cooling circuit configured to thermally manage the electric drive component; and
a first multi-position valve disposed immediately upstream from an inlet of the battery pack and being configured to control a flow of a coolant within a coolant subsystem of the battery cooling circuit,
wherein, in a first position of the first multi-position valve, the battery cooling circuit is fluidly isolated from the e-drive cooling circuit,
wherein, in a second position of the first multi-position valve, the battery cooling circuit is fluidly connected to the e-drive cooling circuit such that the coolant is permitted to flow from the battery cooling circuit to the e-drive cooling circuit.
2. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the electric drive component is an electric motor or an inverter system controller (ISC).
3. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the battery cooling circuit includes the coolant subsystem and a refrigerant subsystem.
4. The system as recited in claim 3 , wherein the coolant subsystem includes a chiller, a pump, the first multi-position valve, at least one T-joint, and a degas overflow bottle.
5. The system as recited in claim 4 , wherein the refrigerant subsystem includes a compressor, a condenser, a thermal expansion valve, and the chiller.
6. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the e-drive cooling circuit includes a coolant subsystem and a lubricant subsystem.
7. The system as recited in claim 6 , wherein the coolant subsystem includes a radiator, a degas overflow bottle, at least one T-joint, a pump, a heat exchanger, and a second multi-position valve.
8. The system as recited in claim 7 , wherein the lubricant subsystem includes a pump and the heat exchanger.
9. The system as recited in claim 1 , comprising a temperature sensor for monitoring a current temperature of the electric drive component, and further comprising a control unit in communication with the temperature sensor and configured to command the first multi-position valve to the second position in response to the current temperature of the electric drive component exceeding a predefined temperature value.
10. The system as recited in claim 9 , wherein the control unit is configured to command the first multi-position valve to the first position in response to the current temperature of the electric drive component being less than the predefined temperature value.
11. The system as recited in claim 1 , comprising a second multi-position valve configured to control a return flow of the coolant from the e-drive cooling circuit back to a chiller of the battery cooling circuit.
12. The system as recited in claim 11 , wherein:
in a first position of the second multi-position valve, the return flow of the coolant is prevented from flowing to the chiller, and
in a second position of the second multi-position valve, the return flow of the coolant is permitted to flow to the chiller.
13. The system as recited in claim 1 , comprising a coolant line connecting between the first multi-position valve and a T-joint of the e-drive cooling circuit.
14. A method, comprising:
controlling a flow of a coolant between a battery cooling circuit and an e-drive cooling circuit of a thermal management system of an electrified vehicle, wherein controlling the flow includes:
preventing the flow of the coolant from the battery cooling circuit to the e-drive cooling circuit when a current stator coil temperature of an electric drive component of the e-drive cooling circuit is less than a predefined stator coil temperature value;
allowing the flow of the coolant from the battery cooling circuit to the e-drive cooling circuit when the current stator coil temperature of the electric drive component is greater than the predefined stator coil temperature value; and
fluidly connecting the battery cooling circuit and the e-drive cooling circuit to pre-cool the electric drive component in response to receiving a signal indicating that a vehicle user has selected a heavy-duty cycle drive mode.
15. The method as recited in claim 14 , wherein allowing the flow of the coolant includes actuating an outlet of a first multi-position valve from a closed position to an open position to fluidly connect the battery cooling circuit and the e-drive cooling circuit.
16. The method as recited in claim 15 , wherein allowing the flow of the coolant includes actuating an outlet of a second multi-position valve from a closed position to an open position to return a portion of the coolant from the e-drive cooling circuit back to the battery cooling circuit.
17. The method as recited in claim 15 , wherein allowing the flow of the coolant includes communicating the coolant through the outlet and then into a coolant line that connects between the first multi-position valve and a T-joint of the e-drive cooling circuit.
18. The method as recited in claim 14 , comprising automatically allowing the flow of the coolant from the battery cooling circuit to the e-drive cooling circuit to pre-chill the electric drive component in response to a location signal or a drive mode input signal.
19. A thermal management system, comprising:
a battery pack;
a battery cooling circuit configured to thermally manage the battery pack;
an electric motor;
an e-drive cooling circuit configured to thermally manage the electric motor;
a temperature sensor for monitoring a stator coil temperature of the electric motor;
a first multi-position valve disposed immediately upstream from the battery pack and being configured to control a flow of a coolant within the battery cooling circuit;
a second multi-position valve disposed within the e-drive cooling circuit and being configured to control a return flow of the coolant from the e-drive cooling circuit to a chiller of the battery cooling circuit; and
a control unit programmed to command the first multi-position valve and the second multi-position valve to fluidly connect the battery cooling circuit and the e-drive cooling circuit when the stator coil temperature is greater than a predefined stator coil temperature value and to fluidly isolate the battery cooling circuit and the e-drive cooling circuit when the stator coil temperature is less than the predefined stator coil temperature value.
20. The system as recited in claim 19 , wherein the control unit is further programmed to automatically command the first multi-position valve to fluidly connect the battery cooling circuit and the e-drive cooling circuit to pre-cool the electric motor in response to receiving a signal indicating that a vehicle user has selected a heavy-duty cycle drive mode.