Method for treating renewable feedstocks
A non-petroleum or renewable feedstock containing oxygen and contaminants of metals, gums, and resins is treated by introducing the feedstock into a reactor at a flow velocity of at least 20 ft/sec. The feedstock is heated within the reactor and cooled to form a reduced-temperature reactor product. At least a portion of the reduced-temperature reactor product is feed into a hydroprocessing reactor containing a hydroprocessing catalyst to form a hydroprocessed product. The hydroprocessed product is cooled and non-condensable gases, metals and water are separated and removed to form a final product. The final product has an oxygen content that is 60% or less of that of the feedstock, and wherein the final product comprises 25 wt % or less any triglycerides, monoglycerides, diglycerides, free fatty acids, phosphatides, sterols, tocopherols, tocotrienols, or fatty alcohols, from 5 wt % to 30 wt % naphtha, and 50 wt % or more diesel.
1. A method of treating a non-petroleum or renewable feedstock containing oxygen and contaminants of one or more of metals, gums, and resins, the method comprising:
introducing a non-petroleum or renewable feedstock having an oxygen content of 8 wt % or more by total weight of the feedstock into a reactor at a flow velocity of at least 20 ft/sec, the feedstock being heated within the reactor to a temperature of from 700° F. to 1100° F. to remove and/or reduce the content of one or more of gums and resins in the fats and/or oils of the feedstock to form a reactor product;
cooling the reactor product to a temperature of from 250° F. to 700° F. to form a reduced-temperature reactor product;
introducing at least a portion of the reduced-temperature reactor product as a feed into a hydroprocessing reactor containing a hydroprocessing catalyst to form a hydroprocessed product;
cooling the hydroprocessed product to a temperature of 250° F. or less to form a cooled hydroprocessed product; and
separating and removing non-condensable gases, metals and water from the cooled hydroprocessed product to form a final product, the final product having an oxygen content that is 60% or less of that of the feedstock, and wherein the final product comprises 25 wt % or less of any triglycerides, monoglycerides, diglycerides, free fatty acids, phosphatides, sterols, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and fatty alcohols, from 5 wt % to 30 wt % naphtha, and 50 wt % or more diesel.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the final product meets the requirements of ASTM D975 for renewable diesel.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the final product has a specific gravity of from 0.73 to 0.85, a viscosity of from 0.5 cSt to 5 cSt, and an oxygen content of 6 wt % or less without further treatment.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the final product has a specific gravity of from 0.75 to 0.8, a viscosity of from 0.5 cSt to 2 cSt, and an oxygen content of 0.2 wt % or less without further treatment.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
fractionating at least a portion of the final product to from at least one of a naphtha fraction, a renewable jet fuel fraction, and a renewable diesel fraction.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the final product has a pour point of 35° F. or less without further treatment.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the final product produced has a fuel carbon intensity score (CI) of 10 gCO 2 e/MJ (grams CO 2 emissions per MJ of fuel) or less, based upon California LCFS criteria of 2018, when the feedstock has a CI selected at zero.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
separating gases and liquids from the reduced-temperature reactor product, the separated liquid from the reduced-temperature reactor product being recycled and introduced into the reactor with the feedstock: and wherein:
the separated gas from the reduced-temperature reactor product forms the feed introduced into the hydroprocessing reactor.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the final product has an oxygen content that is 40% or less of that of the feedstock.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the feedstock has at least one or more of triglycerides, monoglycerides, diglycerides, free fatty acids, phosphatides, sterols, tocopherols and tocotrienols, and fatty alcohols in an amount of 50 wt % or more by total weight of the feedstock.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the feedstock has 1 wt % or more contaminants of one or more of metals, gums, and resins.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the final product comprises 20 wt % or less of any triglycerides, monoglycerides, diglycerides, free fatty acids, phosphatides, sterols, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and fatty alcohols;
naphtha in an amount from 10 wt % to 30 wt %; and
diesel in an amount of 60 wt % or more; and wherein:
the composition has a specific gravity of from 0.73 to 0.85, a viscosity of from 0.5 cSt to 5 cSt, and an oxygen content of 6 wt % or less.
13. A method of treating a non-petroleum or renewable feedstock containing oxygen and contaminants of one or more of metals, gums, and resins, the method comprising:
introducing a non-petroleum or renewable feedstock into a reactor at a flow velocity of from 20 ft/sec to 100 ft/sec, the feedstock having at least one or more of triglycerides, monoglycerides, diglycerides, free fatty acids, phosphatides, sterols, tocopherols and tocotrienols, and fatty alcohols in an amount of 50 wt % or more by total weight of the feedstock, and having 1 wt % or more contaminants of one or more of metals, gums, and resins by total weight of the feedstock and an oxygen content of 8 wt % or more by total weight of the feedstock, the feedstock being heated within the reactor to a temperature of from 700° F. to 1100° F. to remove and/or reduce the content of one or more of gums and resins in the fats and/or oils of the feedstock to form a reactor product;
cooling the reactor product to a temperature of from 250° F. to 700° F. to form a reduced-temperature reactor product;
introducing at least a portion of the reduced-temperature reactor product as a feed into a hydroprocessing reactor containing a hydroprocessing catalyst to form a hydroprocessed product;
cooling the hydroprocessed product to a temperature of 250° F. or less to form a cooled hydroprocessed product; and
separating and removing non-condensable gases, metals and water from the cooled hydroprocessed product to form a final product, the final product having an oxygen content that is 60% or less of that of the feedstock, and wherein the final product comprises 25 wt % or less of any triglycerides, monoglycerides, diglycerides, free fatty acids, phosphatides, sterols, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and fatty alcohols, from 5 wt % to 30 wt % naphtha, and 50 wt % or more diesel, and wherein the final product has a specific gravity of from 0.73 to 0.85, a viscosity of from 0.5 cSt to 5 cSt, and an oxygen content of 6 wt % or less without further treatment.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein:
the final product meets the requirements of ASTM D975 for renewable diesel.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein:
the final product has a specific gravity of from 0.73 to 0.85, a viscosity of from 0.5 cSt to 5 cSt, and an oxygen content of 6 wt % or less without further treatment.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein:
the final product has a specific gravity of from 0.75 to 0.8, a viscosity of from 0.5 cSt to 2 cSt, and an oxygen content of 0.2 wt % or less without further treatment.
17. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
fractionating at least a portion of the final product to from at least one of a naphtha fraction, a renewable jet fuel fraction, and a renewable diesel fraction.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein:
the final product has a pour point of 35° F. or less without further treatment.
19. The method of claim 13 , wherein:
the final product produced has a fuel carbon intensity score (CI) of 10 gCO 2 e/MJ (grams CO 2 emissions per MJ of fuel) or less, based upon California LCFS criteria of 2018, when the feedstock has a CI selected at zero.
20. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
separating gases and liquids from the reduced-temperature reactor product, the separated liquid from the reduced-temperature reactor product being recycled and introduced into the reactor with the feedstock: and wherein:
the separated gas from the reduced-temperature reactor product forms the feed introduced into the hydroprocessing reactor.