Sustainable diesel production from lignins
A method of treating non-petroleum or renewable feedstock containing lignins is carried out by introducing a lignin-containing feedstock into a reactor at a flow velocity of from 20 ft/sec to 100 ft/sec. The feedstock is heated within the reactor to a temperature of from 700° F. to 1100° F. to convert the lignin-containing feedstock into a reactor product. The reactor product is cooled to form a cooled reactor product. At least one of gases, metals, and water are separated and removed from the cooled reactor product to form a final product. The final product has a lignin content that is reduced by 10% to 100% by weight of the initial lignin incorporated into the feedstock.
1. A method of treating non-petroleum or renewable feedstock containing lignins, the method comprising:
introducing a lignin-containing feedstock into a reactor at a flow velocity of from 20 ft/sec to 100 ft/sec, the feedstock being heated within the reactor to a temperature of from 700° F. to 1100° F. to convert the lignin-containing feedstock into a reactor product;
cooling the reactor product to form a cooled reactor product; and
separating and removing at least one of gases, metals, and water from the cooled reactor product to form a final product, the final product having a lignin content that is reduced by 10% to 100% by weight of the initial lignin incorporated into the feedstock.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the lignin-containing feedstock comprises lignin incorporated into a non-petroleum or renewable liquid component.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the initial amount of lignins incorporated into the feedstock ranges from 1 wt % or more by total weight of the feedstock.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the initial amount of lignins incorporated into the feedstock ranges from 20 wt % to 80 wt % by total weight of the feedstock.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the lignin-containing feedstock comprises lignin and at least one of cellulose and hemicellulose.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
at least one of hydroprocessing and fractionating the final product.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the final product is hydroprocessed to form a hydroprocessed product having an oxygen content that is 0.1% or less of that of the lignin-containing feedstock.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the final product has a specific gravity of from 0.73 to 0.88, a viscosity of from 0.5 cSt to 5 cSt, and an oxygen content of 6 wt % or less without further treatment.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the final product has a diesel content of from 50% or more by weight of the final product.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the final product has a pour point of 40° F. or less without further treatment.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
fractionating and hydroprocessing at least a portion of the final product to form a refined product comprising at least one of a naphtha fraction, a sustainable aviation fuel fraction, and a renewable diesel fraction.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein:
the refined product comprises a renewable diesel fraction that meets the requirements of ASTM D975 for renewable diesel.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
lignin of the lignin-containing feedstock is derived from paper manufacturing.
14. A method of treating non-petroleum or renewable feedstock containing lignins, the method comprising:
introducing a lignin-containing feedstock from a non-petroleum or renewable source containing one or more of metals, gums and/or resins into a reactor at a flow velocity of from 20 ft/sec to 100 ft/sec, the lignin-containing feedstock being heated within the reactor to a temperature of from 700° F. to 1100° F. to convert the gums into a reactor product;
cooling the reactor product to form a cooled reactor product; and
separating and removing gases, metals, and water from the cooled reactor product to form a final product, the final product having a lignin content that is reduced by 10% to 100% by weight of the initial lignin incorporated into the feedstock.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein:
the initial amount of lignins incorporated into the feedstock ranges from 1 wt % or more by total weight of the feedstock, with gums and/or resins being present in the feedstock in a total amount of from 10 wt % or more by total weight of the feedstock.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein:
the initial amount of lignins incorporated into the feedstock ranges from 20 wt % to 80 wt % by total weight of the feedstock.
17. The method of claim 14 , further comprising:
at least one of hydroprocessing and fractionating the final product.
18. The method of claim 14 , wherein:
the final product is hydroprocessed to form a hydroprocessed product having an oxygen content that is 0.1% or less of that of the lignin-containing feedstock.
19. The method of claim 14 , further comprising:
the final product has a specific gravity of from 0.73 to 0.88, a viscosity of from 0.5 cSt to 5 cSt, and an oxygen content of 6 wt % or less without further treatment.
20. The method of claim 14 , wherein:
the final product has a diesel content of from 50% by weight of the final product.