Radially-firing electrohydraulic lithotripsy probe

1. An invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe comprising:

an invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter tip comprising:

a first cylindrical electrode; and

a second cylindrical electrode coaxially aligned with the first cylindrical electrode, wherein at least a portion of the second cylindrical electrode is positioned within an interior of the first cylindrical electrode;

wherein the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe is dimensioned and configured to be threaded through a human vein or artery of a patient and delivered to a position within an interior of the human vein or artery adjacent to concretions within the interior of the human vein or artery; and

wherein the first and second cylindrical electrodes are positioned on the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter tip such that when the first and second cylindrical electrodes are charged at different polarities, an electric arc between the first and second cylindrical electrodes causes a shockwave within a liquid to radiate radially in a direction that is transverse from a longitudinal axis of the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe, such that while the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe is positioned within an interior of the human vein or artery adjacent to concretions, the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe is configured to break up the concretions positioned adjacent to the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter tip in a location substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the invasive lithotripter probe.

2. The invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe of claim 1 , further comprising:

a flexible encapsulating member surrounding at least a portion of the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter tip, where the flexible encapsulating member is configured to encapsulate a liquid.

3. The invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of a distal edge of the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter tip is a rounded bevel.

4. The invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe of claim 1 , further comprising:

a stiffening over-sheath positioned over at least a part of insulating material of the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe, the stiffening over-sheath configured to reinforce a linear strength of at a least a portion of the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe by up to approximately 50%.

5. The invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe of claim 4 , wherein the stiffening over-sheath defines at least one ribbed area or ringed area that is configured to reduce kinking of the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe.

6. The invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe of claim 1 , wherein the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe comprises polyimide that further reinforces the linear strength of the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe.

7. The invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe of claim 1 , wherein the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe comprises a polyimide sheath impregnated with a lubricous material that further reinforces the linear strength of the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe.

8. The invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe of claim 1 , where the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter tip has a length in excess of 250 cm.

9. The invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe of claim 1 , wherein the invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe is in communication with an electrical source configured to charge the first cylindrical electrode to a first polarity.

10. The invasive electrohydraulic lithotripter probe of claim 9 , wherein the electrical source comprises an electrohydraulic generator.