Systems, devices and methods for galvanic vestibular stimulation using a modulated version of a generated electrical signal
A method of neurostimulation may include delivering an electrical signal to a plurality of electrodes connected to a patient. The electrical signal may include an amplitude and a carrier frequency. The method may include modulating the electrical signal based on an audio waveform. In some embodiments, the modulating may include modulating at least one of the amplitude and the carrier frequency based on the audio waveform to modulate the electrical signal.
1. A method of neurostimulation, comprising:
generating an electrical signal comprising an amplitude and a carrier frequency; and
stimulating a vestibular system of a patient via galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) by delivering a modulated version of the generated electrical signal via transdermal electrical stimulation,
wherein the carrier frequency is greater than 3 kilohertz (kHz).
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modulated version of the generated electrical signal is an amplitude-modulated electrical signal.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modulated version of the generated electrical signal is a frequency-modulated electrical signal.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carrier frequency is greater than 10 kHz.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selecting the carrier frequency of the electrical signal and a modulation frequency, wherein the carrier frequency of the electrical signal is configured to lower skin impedance, and wherein the modulation frequency is configured to stimulate a vestibular system of the patient.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the modulation frequency is between 0.005 Hz and 200 Hz.
7. A neurostimulation device, comprising:
first and second electrodes; and
a controller comprising a waveform generator that is configured to stimulate a vestibular system of a subject via galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) through delivery of a modulated electrical signal to the subject through the first and second electrodes,
wherein the modulated electrical signal comprises an amplitude and a carrier frequency, and
wherein the carrier frequency is greater than 3 kilohertz (kHz).
8. The neurostimulation device of claim 7 , wherein the modulated electrical signal is an amplitude-modulated electrical signal.
9. The neurostimulation device of claim 7 , wherein the modulated electrical signal is a frequency-modulated electrical signal.
10. The neurostimulation device of claim 7 , wherein the carrier frequency is greater than 10 kHz.
11. The neurostimulation device of claim 7 , wherein the controller is configured to modulate an electrical signal to be modulated to generate the modulated electrical signal, and wherein the electrical signal to be modulated is a continuous sinusoidal electrical signal.
12. The neurostimulation device of claim 7 , wherein the modulated electrical signal comprises a plurality of packets, each packet comprising a plurality of electrical pulses.
13. The neurostimulation device of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of electrical pulses of each packet are spaced-apart from each other by a first time period, and wherein the packets are spaced-apart from each other by a second by a second time period.
14. The neurostimulation device of claim 13 , wherein the controller is configured to modulate an electrical signal to be modulated to generate the modulated electrical signal, and wherein the controller is configured to modulate the electrical signal by varying, based on a modulation waveform, at least one of: a quantity of the plurality of electrical pulses within each packet, the first time period, the second time period, or an amplitude in voltage of each pulse.