Porous nanostructured electrodes for detection of neurotransmitters
Embodiments of the invention are directed to a system for detecting neurotransmitters. A non-limiting example of the system includes a porous electrode. A system can also include a pH sensor attached to the porous electrode, wherein the pH sensor includes a sensing electrode and a reference electrode. The system can also include electronic circuitry in communication with the pH sensor.
1. A system for detecting neurotransmitters, the system comprising:
a porous electrode;
a pH sensor attached to the porous electrode, wherein the pH sensor comprises a sensing electrode, a reference electrode, and a metal oxide layer, wherein proximal ends of the reference electrode and the sensing electrode are in direct contact with a distal end of the metal oxide layer and the porous electrode is in direct contact with a proximal end of the metal oxide layer; and
electronic circuitry in communication with the pH sensor.
2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the porous electrode comprises a graphene layer.
3. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the graphene layer has a thickness of about 0.1 nm to about 1 nm.
4. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the graphene layer is doped.
5. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the porous electrode is metal mesh.
6. The system according to claim 5 , wherein the metal mesh comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of silver, gold, platinum, iridium, rhodium, palladium, rhenium, osmium, tungsten, titanium, tantalum, and alloys thereof.
7. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a polymer layer in contact with the porous electrode.
8. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide layer is selected from the group consisting of silver oxide, platinum oxide, ruthenium oxide, rhenium oxide, rhodium oxide, osmium oxide, palladium oxide, titanium oxide, and tantalum oxide.
9. The system according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the sensing electrode and the reference electrode comprises a plurality of nanowires.
10. The system according to claim 9 , wherein the plurality of nanowires comprise a metal oxide.
11. The system according to claim 9 , wherein the plurality of nanowires comprise doped or undoped silicon.