Rocket mining system, subsystems, components and methods
Mining apparatuses, systems and methods related to the use of a rocket engine's plume and a collection manifold to efficiently displace, collect, process and store frozen volatiles embedded within or below a surface is disclosed. The plume contacts and churns up the surface. The frozen volatiles are displaced and/or evaporated within a closed environment under a collection manifold. The collection manifold has related components for addressing these frozen or gaseous volatiles downstream. Various apparatuses and subsystems are also disclosed including a rover, processing plants, collection manifold, and vapor manifold.
1. A method of mining frozen or trapped volatiles from a surface or subsurface source, the method comprising:
combusting propellant within a rocket engine and creating a plume;
aiming the plume into or through ground to heat a frozen volatile source within the ground or underground;
capturing volatiles released from the heated frozen volatile source using a collection manifold surrounding a ground access point of the plume; and
removing the volatiles from the collection manifold.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising cold processing the volatiles in a condenser to condense the volatiles into liquid or solid form.
3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising routing the volatiles away from the collection manifold by extracting the volatiles with a volatile trap connected to the collection manifold and piping to carry downstream the volatiles towards a processing plant including the condenser.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the pressure in the collection manifold is higher than a pressure in the condenser.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of combusting further comprises using the rocket engine to create a crater within the ground or churn the ground.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising increasing a pressure in the collection manifold to provide a less diffuse plume.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the pressure is increased at least until the plume collimates and forms standing shock waves.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a step of setting a thrust level of the rocket engine including
sensing pressure with a pressure transducer mounted within the collection manifold, and
adjusting a pulse rate or throttle of the rocket engine based on the sensed pressure from the pressure transducer.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising lifting the collection manifold, positioning the collection manifold over a new volume of regolith to be mined, lowering the collection manifold over the new volume of regolith to be mined, and repeating at least the steps of combusting, capturing, removing and cold processing.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising securing the collection manifold to the ground through applying groundward pressure using stakes, a mass of a rover or lander, drilled in anchors, or spring backed tension on a collection manifold mount.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising maintaining a pressure in the collection manifold below a maximum safe pressure by measuring pressure inside the collection manifold using a pressure transducer on an interior wall of the collection manifold, and
continuously adjusting a throttle level of the rocket engine or by pulsing the rocket engine in short pulses to decrease the pressure to maintain a specified safety factor of allowed pressure in the collection manifold.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of combusting further comprises pulsing the rocket engine to break up the ground at a plume impingement point.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising electrolysing water into hydrogen and oxygen and routing the hydrogen and the oxygen into respective storage tanks.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising increasing a length or an excavation reach of the plume by at least one of increasing thrust of the rocket engine and increasing pressure within the collection manifold.
15. A collection manifold for capturing volatiles released by plume impingement, the collection manifold comprising:
a collection manifold that defines an interior volume and is configured to disengageably seal with ground to be engaged while mining and disengaged while offline or changing mining locations,
a nozzle entry hole configured to seal or attach to a nozzle from a rocket engine;
a vapor manifold configured to collect the vapors from a volatile collector;
the volatile collector configured to route the volatiles away from the interior volume into the vapor manifold; and
a volatile exit from the vapor manifold.
16. The collection manifold of claim 15 , wherein the collection manifold has a sealing lip extending groundward from sidewalls of the collection manifold configured to penetrate the ground and form a vapor barrier that prevents escape of volatiles from under the collection manifold.
17. The collection manifold of claim 15 , further comprising a cold trap and piping leading to a liquid storage tank.
18. The collection manifold of claim 15 , further comprising a vent configured to vent undesirable volatiles to an environment outside of the collection manifold.
19. The collection manifold of claim 15 , further comprising a regolith separator that prevents solid regolith particles from exiting the collection manifold en route to a cold trap.
20. A water mining system, comprising:
an excavation system comprising a rocket engine, a collection manifold, a condenser, and a water storage tank;
a plume from the rocket engine configured to penetrate regolith beneath the collection manifold;
the condenser being configured to condense volatiles resulting from the plume penetration of the regolith; and
the water storage tank is configured to store water from the condensed volatiles in liquid or frozen form,
wherein the excavation system weighs less than 150 kg and is configured to extract at least 400 kg of water in under 4 days.