Method of forming transition metal dichalcogenide thin film
A method of forming a transition metal dichalcogenide thin film on a substrate includes treating the substrate with a metal organic material and providing a transition metal precursor and a chalcogen precursor around the substrate to synthesize transition metal dichalcogenide on the substrate. The transition metal precursor may include a transition metal element and the chalcogen precursor may include a chalcogen element.
1. A method of forming a transition metal dichalcogenide thin film on a substrate, the method comprising:
treating the substrate with a metal organic material, the metal organic material including a metal; and
providing a transition metal precursor and a chalcogen precursor around the substrate to synthesize a transition metal dichalcogenide on the substrate, the transition metal precursor including a transition metal element and the chalcogen precursor including a chalcogen element, wherein
the treating the substrate provides the metal on a surface of the substrate,
the treating the substrate is performed without using H 2 S and includes heat-treating a vicinity of the substrate at a process temperature of 300° C. to 500° C. to decompose the metal organic material.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the metal on the surface of the substrate induces adsorption of the transition metal precursor and the chalcogen precursor onto the substrate.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the metal of metal organic material includes at least one of Al, Ti, and Ni.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein
the metal organic material includes at least one of trimethylaluminum, tris(demethylamido)aluminum, triisobutylaluminum, titanium isopropoxide, tetrakis(dimethylamido)titanium, bis(cyclopentadienyl)nickel, and bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)nickel.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the transition metal dichalcogenide is represented by Formula 1 below:
M 1-a M a ′X 2(1-b) X 2b ′ <Formula 1>
wherein, in Formula 1,
M and M′ are different transition metal elements from each other,
X and X′ are different chalcogen elements from each other,
0≤a<1, and 0≤b<1.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the transition metal element includes at least one of Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Tc, Re, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Zn, and Sn, and
the chalcogen element includes at least one of S, Se, and Te.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the transition metal precursor includes a transition metal halide.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein
the transition metal halide includes at least one of MoF 3 , MoF 6 , MoF 4 , Mo 4 F 20 , MoCl 2 , MoCl 3 , MoCl 6 , MoCl 4 , MoCl 5 , MoBr 3 , MoBr 4 , MoI 2 , MoI 3 , MoI 4 , WF 6 , WF 4 , [WF 5 ] 4 , WCl 2 , WCl 6 , WCl 4 , [WCl 5 ] 2 , [W 6 Cl 12 ]Cl 6 , WBr 3 , WBr 6 , WBr 4 , WBr 5 , W 6 Br 14 , WI 2 , WI 3 , WI 4 , VF 2 , VF 3 , VF 4 , VF 5 , VCl 2 , VCl 3 , VCl 4 , VBr 2 , VBr 3 , VBr 4 , VI 2 , VI 3 , VI 4 , NbCl 3 , NbCl 4 , NbCl 5 , NbBr 4 , NbBr 5 , NbI 3 , NbI 4 , NbI 5 , TaF 3 , [TaF 5 ] 4 , TaCl 3 , TaCl 4 , TaCl 5 , TaBr 3 , TaBr 4 , TaBr 5 , TaI 4 , TaI 5 , TiF 2 , TiF 3 , TiF 4 , TiCl 4 , TiCl 3 , TiCl 2 , TiBr 3 , TiBr 4 , HfCl 4 , HfBr 2 , HfBr 4 , HfI 3 , HfI 4 , ZrF 4 , ZrCl 2 , ZrCl 3 , ZrCl 4 , ZrBr 3 , ZrBr 4 , ZrI 2 , ZrI 3 , ZrI 4 , TcF 6 , TcF 5 , TcCl 4 , TcCl 6 , TcBr 4 , ReF 6 , ReF 4 , ReF 5 , ReF 7 , Re 3 Cl 9 , ReCl 5 , ReCl 4 , ReCl 6 , ReBr 3 , ReBr 4 , ReBr 5 , ReI 3 , ReI 4 , CoF 2 , CoF 3 , CoF 4 , CoCl 2 , CoCl 3 , CoBr 2 , CoI 2 , RhF 3 , RhF 6 , RhF 4 , [RhF 5 ] 4 , RhCl 3 , RhBr 3 , RhI 3 , IrF 3 , IrF 6 , IrF 4 , [IrF 5 ] 4 , IrCl 2 , IrCl 3 , IrCl 4 , IrBr 2 , IrBr 3 , IrBr 4 , IrI 2 , IrI 3 , IrI 4 , NiF 2 , NiCl 2 , NiBr 2 , NiI 2 , PdF 2 , PdF 4 , PdCl 2 , PdBr 2 , PdI 2 , PtF 6 , PtF 4 , [PtF 5 ] 4 , PtCl 2 , PtCl 3 , PtCl 4 , Pt 6 Cl 12 , PtBr 2 , PtBr 3 , PtBr 4 , PtI 2 , PtI 3 , PtI 4 , GaF 3 , GaCl 2 , GaCl 3 , GaBr 3 , GaI 3 , SnF 2 , SnF 4 , SnCl 2 , SnCl 4 , SnBr 2 , SnBr 4 , SnI 2 , and SnI 4 .
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the chalcogen precursor includes at least one of sulfur, hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), diethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, ethyl methyl sulfide, (Et 3 Si) 2 S, selenium vapor, hydrogen selenide (H 2 Se), diethyl selenide, dimethyl diselenide, ethyl methyl selenide, (Et 3 Si) 2 Se, selenium vapor, tellurium vapor, hydrogen telluride (H 2 Te), dimethyl telluride, diethyl telluride, ethyl methyl telluride, and (Et 3 Si) 2 Te.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the substrate includes at least one of silicon, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, glass, quartz, sapphire, graphite, graphene, polyimide copolymer, polyimide, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), a fluoropolymer (FEP), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the treating the substrate with the metal organic material includes providing the metal organic material around the substrate.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein
the heat-treating the vicinity of the substrate provides the metal on the surface of the substrate by the decomposition of the metal organic material on the substrate.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the providing the transition metal precursor and the chalcogen precursor around the substrate forms the transition metal dichalcogenide thin film by an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process or a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the treating the substrate with the metal organic material is performed before the providing the transition metal precursor and the chalcogen precursor around the substrate to synthesize the transition metal dichalcogenide or during the providing the transition metal precursor and the chalcogen precursor around the substrate to synthesize the transition metal dichalcogenide.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the transition metal precursor and the chalcogen precursor are provided simultaneously to the substrate or provided alternately to the substrate.
16. A method of forming a transition metal dichalcogenide thin film on a substrate, the method comprising:
treating the substrate with a metal organic material, the metal organic material including a metal; and
synthesizing a transition metal dichalcogenide on the substrate using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process, wherein
the treating the substrate provides the metal on a surface of the substrate, and
the treating the substrate is performed without using H 2 S and includes heat-treating a vicinity of the substrate at a process temperature of 300° C. to 500° C. to decompose the metal organic material.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein
the forming of the transition metal dichalcogenide thin film is performed at 300° C. to 500° C.
18. A method of forming a transition metal dichalcogenide thin film on a substrate, the method comprising:
treating the substrate with a metal organic material, the metal organic material including a metal; and
synthesizing a transition metal dichalcogenide on the substrate using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process, wherein
the treating the substrate provides the metal on a surface of the substrate, and
the treating the substrate is performed without using H 2 S and includes heat-treating a vicinity of the substrate at a process temperature of 300° C. to 500° C. to decompose the metal organic material.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein
the forming of the transition metal dichalcogenide thin film is performed at 300° C. to 500° C.