Manufacturing line, process, and sintered article
A method of manufacturing ceramic tape includes a step of directing a tape of partially-sintered ceramic into a furnace. The tape is partially-sintered such that grains of the ceramic are fused to one another yet the tape still includes at least 10% porosity by volume, where the porosity refers to volume of the tape unoccupied by the ceramic. The method further includes steps of conveying the tape through the furnace and further sintering the tape as the tape is conveyed through the furnace. The porosity of the tape decreases during the further sintering step.
1. A method of manufacturing ceramic tape, comprising:
conveying a tape consisting essentially of ceramic grains bound in an organic binder through a furnace;
burning off or charring the organic binder, thereby forming an unbound section of the tape;
partially sintering the ceramic grains to one another; and
after the partial sintering, tensioning the tape and further sintering the tape;
wherein length of the tape is at least 10 m, width is at least 10 mm, and thickness is at least 10 μm,
wherein the width is no greater than 20 cm and the thickness is no greater than 500 μm, and
wherein the ceramic comprises alumina, zirconia, lithium garnet, and/or spinel.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tensioning comprises 20 megapascals.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tensioning flattens the tape during the further sintering.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein temperatures experienced by portions of the tape in the furnace are at least 800° C., while other portions of the tape outside the furnace are experiencing lower temperatures.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic comprises lithium garnet and/or spinel.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein, prior to the further sintering, the grains of the ceramic are fused to one another yet the tape still includes at least 10% porosity by volume.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the porosity after the further sintering is less than 1%.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising holding the tape flat with tension during the further sintering.
9. A method of manufacturing ceramic tape, comprising:
conveying a partially sintered tape into a furnace, the tape consisting essentially of ceramic grains with an organic binder, if present, charred or burned off; and
further sintering the tape in the furnace;
wherein, prior to the further sintering, the grains of the ceramic are fused to one another yet the tape still includes at least 10% porosity by volume.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the porosity after the further sintering is less than 1%.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the ceramic comprises alumina, zirconia, lithium garnet, and/or spinel.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the tape is conveyed through the furnace at a rate of at least 1 inch per minute.
13. The method of claim 9 , further comprising holding the tape flat with tension during the further sintering.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the tension comprises 20 megapascals.
15. A method of manufacturing ceramic tape, comprising:
conveying a partially sintered tape into a furnace, the tape consisting essentially of ceramic grains with an organic binder, if present, charred or burned off; and
further sintering the tape in the furnace; and
holding the tape flat with tension during the further sintering.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the tension comprises 20 megapascals.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the porosity after the further sintering is less than 1%.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the ceramic comprises lithium garnet and/or spinel.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the tape is conveyed through the furnace at a rate of at least 1 inch per minute.