Deicing system for an automotive lamp
The present disclosure relates to lenses for lamp assemblies, for example, for automotive lamps such as head lamps, or perhaps tail lamps, turn signals, brake lamps, cargo lamps, and the like. These lamps may use incandescent or High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps which generally create enough heat to reduce or eliminate fluid that may form on the lens such as in the case of condensation, rain, sleet, snow, ice, fog, and the like. Such a buildup of fluid may result in suboptimal light transmission and may degrade the performance of the lamp to a degree that renders it temporarily unusable, particularly in poor weather. This is especially concerning in the case of some types of Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps where the lamp may not produce sufficient residual heat to effectively remove the fluid that may build up on the lens either in liquid or solid form, and especially in colder weather.
1. A method, comprising
applying conductive traces comprising conductive ink to a lens using an applicator assembly controlled by a control circuit, wherein the applicator assembly includes a spray nozzle configured to apply the conductive ink to the lens without contacting the lens;
programming or configuring the control circuit to control the applicator assembly according to one or more operating parameters and a pattern defining locations for the conductive traces on the lens;
applying the conductive ink of the conductive traces to the surface of the lens using the applicator assembly controlled by the control circuit, wherein the control circuit automatically adjusts operational aspects of the applicator assembly according to the operating parameters and the pattern; and
automatically adjusting the operation of the applicator assembly based on a Linear Mass Density (LMD) of the conductive ink applied by the applicator assembly;
curing the conductive ink applied to the lens after applying the conductive ink.
2. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
using the control circuit to control the applicator assembly to adjust the LMD of the conductive ink applied to the lens according to a material conductivity of the conductive ink.
3. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
applying an anti-fog coating over the conductive traces before curing the conductive ink.
4. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
applying a hardening coating to an outside surface of lens.
5. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
automatically adjusting the operation of the applicator assembly based on a frequency at which individual shots of ink are applied over time, or a size of the individual shots of ink, or any combination thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
automatically adjusting the operation of the applicator assembly based on a conductive filler ratio defined by a ratio of a binder to a conductive filler of the conductive ink, a solvent ratio defined by a ratio of the binder to a solvent of the conductive ink, or a material ratio defined by a ratio of the solvent to a conductive filler of the conductive ink, or any combination thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
controlling the applicator assembly to automatically adjust a force applied to the conductive ink by a plunger of the applicator assembly.
8. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
controlling the applicator assembly to apply the conductive ink according to a configuration of an orifice of the applicator assembly from which the conductive ink is applied.
9. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
controlling the applicator assembly to apply ink according to the spacing of the conductive ink defined in a pattern, wherein the pattern determines the location of the conductive traces to be applied to the lens.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conductive ink comprises silver, copper, gold, carbon and/or other metals, or other macro or nano particles, or any suitable combination thereof.
11. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
adjusting a flow rate of the conductive ink applied by the applicator assembly in order to control the resulting electrical resistance of the traces.
12. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
controlling the applicator assembly to automatically rotate on up to three different axes of rotation to maintain a predetermined angle of incidence between the applicator assembly and an application surface of the lens where the conductive ink is to be applied.
13. The method of claim 12 , comprising:
controlling the applicator assembly to move independently on up to three separate axes to maintain the head at a predetermined distance from the application surface of the lens.
14. The method of claim 12 , comprising:
controlling the applicator assembly to automatically change orientation of the applicator assembly so that a nozzle of the applicator assembly is oriented perpendicularly relative to the application surface of the lens.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the applicator assembly includes an ink jet dispensing head configured to propel ink from the applicator assembly onto an application surface of the lens.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the conductive ink is applied to the application surface of the lens by the dispensing head, and wherein the dispensing head is less than 5 mm from the application surface as the conductive ink is applied.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the conductive ink is applied by the dispensing head at less than 15 mm from the application surface of the lens.
18. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
determining a pad geometry for electrical pads to be applied to the lens, wherein the electrical pads are arranged and configured to electrically connect the conductive traces to a power connector.
19. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
determining a height of the conductive traces applied to the lens.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the height of the conductive traces is automatically adjusted by the control circuit according to a width of the conductive traces and a location on the conductive traces on the lens.
21. The method of claim 19 , comprising:
determining a variable trace width for the conductive traces to be applied to the lens, wherein the variable trace width varies as a function of the trace height and a location of the conductive traces on the lens.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the variable trace width varies as a function of the ink viscosity, ink thixotropy, and an amount of ink to deposit per unit length.
23. The method of claim 22 , comprising:
determining an amount of ink to deposit per unit length of the trace according to an ink flow rate and a travel speed of the applicator assembly.
24. The method of claim 1 , wherein a width of the conductive traces is between about 0.5 mm and about 1.5 mm.
25. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pattern defines a heating grid that includes multiple parallel loops of conductive traces.
26. The method of claim 25 , wherein the heating grid includes at least 2 parallel portions and at least one corner portion electrically connecting the two parallel portions.
27. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
controlling the nozzle to apply a first application of ink to the lens in a predetermined trace pattern; and
controlling the nozzle to apply a second application of ink to the lens, wherein the second application of ink is applied over the first application of ink according to the predetermined trace pattern.
28. The method of claim 27 , wherein a combined thickness of the conductive traces after the first and second application of ink is 1 mm or less.