Surface conditioning with cycloalkane carboxylic acids as additives for wear protection
Methods of pre-conditioning and lubricating the rubbing surfaces of steel substrates are provided. The methods include a pre-conditioning step in which a hydrocarbon fluid having cycloalkane carboxylic acid additives dispersed therein is used to form a tribofilm on a rubbing surface of a device, following by replacing the pre-conditioning lubricant with a cycloalkane-carboxylic acid-free hydrocarbon lubricant for the regular operation of the device. The tribofilm formed during the pre-conditioning step provides long-term friction and wear reduction at the rubbing surfaces, even after it is replaced, and allows for the subsequent operation of the device without the need to change the composition of the regularly used lubricant.
1. A method of lubricating a steel surface, the method comprising:
applying a composition comprising a cycloalkane carboxylic acid dissolved in a hydrocarbon fluid lubricant to a steel rubbing interface between a first steel surface and a second steel surface;
rubbing the first steel surface against the second steel surface at the rubbing interface for a pre-conditioning period, whereby a tribofilm is formed via dissociation of the hydrocarbon into fragments and subsequent re-polymerization of the fragments;
flushing the rubbing interface using a cycloalkane carboxylic acid-free hydrocarbon for a flush period; and
subsequently resuming the rubbing of the first steel surface against the second steel surface in the presence of the cycloalkane carboxylic acid-free hydrocarbon for a period of operation lasting at least 60 minutes.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second steel surfaces is composed of a steel having a chromium, molybdenum, or copper content of at least 1 atomic percent.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second steel surfaces is composed of a steel having a chromium, molybdenum, or copper content of at least 10 atomic percent.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein at least one of the first and second steel surfaces is composed of D2 steel.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second steel surfaces is composed of 52100 steel.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pre-conditioning period is no longer than 60 minutes.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the flush period is no greater than 10 minutes.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the period of operation is at least 2 hours.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the period of operation is at least 7 hours.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cycloalkane carboxylic acid comprises cyclopropane carboxylic-acid, cyclobutane carboxylic acid, cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylic acid, or cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylic acid.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cycloalkane carboxylic acid comprises the cyclopropane carboxylic-acid.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the first and second steel surfaces are D2 steel surfaces.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the pre-conditioning period is no longer than 30 minutes, the flush period is no greater than 10 minutes, and the period of operation is at least 2 hours.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the period of operation is at least 10 hours.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the hydrocarbon fluid is a polyalphaolefin fluid.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon fluid is a polyalphaolefin fluid.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pre-conditioning period is no longer than 30 minutes, the flush period is no greater than 10 minutes, and the period of operation is at least 2 hours.