Cost-effective bulk glass reinforced composite columns
A structural column comprises an inner sleeve comprising a first non-glass material, at least one sheet comprising bulk glass, and an outer sleeve comprising a second non-glass material. The inner sleeve has an outer surface and an inner surface defining a hollow interior of the structural column. An inner surface of each sheet is adjacent to at least a portion of the outer surface of the inner sleeve. The outer sleeve has an inner surface that is attached to at least a portion of an outer surface of each sheet, and the inner surface of the outer sleeve is attached to at least a portion of the outer surface of the inner sleeve. The inner sleeve and the outer sleeve can have a rectangular shape in cross-section. The bulk glass can comprise soda lime glass, and the first non-glass material and the second non-glass material can comprise high-density polyethylene.
1. A structural column comprising:
an inner sleeve comprising a first non-glass material, the inner sleeve comprising at least one wall, the inner sleeve having an outer surface and an inner surface defining a hollow interior space of the structural column;
at least one sheet comprising bulk glass, an inner surface of each sheet being adjacent to at least a portion of the outer surface of the inner sleeve; and
an outer sleeve comprising a second non-glass material, the outer sleeve comprising at least one wall, an inner surface of the outer sleeve being attached to at least a portion of an outer surface of each sheet, the inner surface of the outer sleeve being attached to at least a portion of the outer surface of the inner sleeve.
2. The structural column of claim 1 wherein:
the inner sleeve comprises a first wall spaced apart from an opposite second wall, and a third wall spaced apart from an opposite fourth wall, the first wall, the second wall, the third wall, and the fourth wall of the inner sleeve being arranged such that the inner sleeve has a rectangular shape in cross-section,
the outer sleeve comprises a first wall spaced apart from an opposite second wall, and a third wall spaced apart from an opposite fourth wall, the first wall, the second wall, the third wall, and the fourth wall of the outer sleeve being arranged such that the outer sleeve has a rectangular shape in cross-section,
a first sheet comprising the bulk glass is adjacent to the first wall of the inner sleeve and the first wall of the outer sleeve, and
a second sheet comprising the bulk glass is adjacent to the second wall of the inner sleeve and the second wall of the outer sleeve.
3. The structural column of claim 2 wherein:
the third wall of the inner sleeve is attached to the third wall of the outer sleeve, and
the fourth wall of the inner sleeve is attached to the fourth wall of the outer sleeve.
4. The structural column of claim 2 wherein:
the outer sleeve has a first thickness,
the first sheet and the second sheet have a second thickness, and
a ratio of the first thickness to the second thickness is in a range of 1:0.3 to 1:10.
5. The structural column of claim 4 wherein:
the bulk glass comprises soda lime glass, and
the first non-glass material and the second non-glass material are high-density polyethylene.
6. The structural column of claim 4 wherein:
the bulk glass comprises borosilicate glass, and
the first non-glass material is polyvinyl chloride, and
the second non-glass material is polyurethane.
7. The structural column of claim 1 wherein:
the bulk glass comprises a glass selected from the group consisting of soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, fused-silica glass, aluminosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, and mixtures thereof.
8. The structural column of claim 1 wherein:
the bulk glass comprises soda lime glass or borosilicate glass.
9. The structural column of claim 1 wherein:
the first non-glass material is selected from the group consisting of high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyamide, nylon, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, Portland cement, and mixtures thereof, and
the second non-glass material is selected from the group consisting of high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyamide, nylon, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, Portland cement, and mixtures thereof.
10. The structural column of claim 9 wherein:
the first non-glass material and the second non-glass material comprise the same material.
11. The structural column of claim 10 wherein:
the first non-glass material and the second non-glass material are high-density polyethylene, and
the bulk glass comprises soda lime glass.
12. The structural column of claim 9 wherein:
the bulk glass has a first Young's modulus,
the second non-glass material has a second Young's modulus, and
a ratio of the first Young's modulus to the second Young's modulus is in a range of 50:1 to 130:1.
13. The structural column of claim 1 wherein:
a weight ratio of bulk glass to a total of the first non-glass material and the second non-glass material is from about 0.058:1 to about 6.75:1.
14. The structural column of claim 1 further comprising a sizing agent or hot melt adhesive attaching each sheet to the outer surface of the inner sleeve.
15. The structural column of claim 14 wherein:
the sizing agent is selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, polyvinyl acetate, epoxy resins, polyesters, phenolic resins, phenoxy resins, polyurethanes, acrylic resins, methacrylic resins, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl ester-based resins, and mixtures thereof.
16. The structural column of claim 14 wherein:
the sizing agent is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene emulsions, polypropylene emulsions, polyethylene dispersions, and polypropylene dispersions.
17. The structural column of claim 14 wherein:
the hot melt adhesive is selected from the group consisting of ethylene vinyl acetate, polyethylene, metallocene, amorphous poly alpha olefins, and polyamides.
18. The structural column of claim 1 further comprising an adhesive agent attaching each sheet to the outer surface of the inner sleeve.
19. The structural column of claim 18 wherein:
the adhesive agent is selected from the group consisting of epoxy adhesives, silicone adhesives, urethane adhesives, acrylic adhesives, and mixtures thereof.
20. The structural column of claim 1 further comprising an end cap positioned at an end of the outer sleeve.
21. A method for preparing a structural column, the method comprising:
(a) providing an inner sleeve comprising a first non-glass material wherein the inner sleeve comprises at least one wall, the inner sleeve having an outer surface and an inner surface defining a hollow interior space of the inner sleeve;
(b) placing at least one sheet comprising bulk glass adjacent to at least a portion of the outer surface of the inner sleeve; and
(c) forming by over-jacketing extrusion an outer sleeve comprising a second non-glass material over at least a portion of an outer surface of each sheet such that an inner surface of the outer sleeve is attached to at least a portion of an outer surface of each sheet and the inner surface of the outer sleeve is attached to at least a portion of the outer surface of the inner sleeve.
22. The method of claim 21 wherein:
step (c) further comprises advancing a longitudinal axis of the inner sleeve perpendicularly to an axis of an extrusion screw that moves the second non-glass material.