Universal and versatile charger for electric vehicle battery
A charger operable to charge a battery of an electric vehicle from an electric power grid. The charger includes a first connector unit operable to connect the charger to the electric power grid, an AC/DC converter, a set of filters provided between the first connector unit and the AC/DC converter, a second connector unit operable to connect the charger to the battery, and a configurator provided between the first connector unit and the set of filters, the configurator being provided with a set of switches and/or relays operable to switch between a three-phase operation and a single-phase operation to charge the battery from the electric power grid.
1. A charger for charging the battery of an electric vehicle from the grid, the charger comprising:
a first connector unit operable to connect the charger to the grid;
an AC/DC converter;
a set of filters provided between said first connector unit and said AC/DC converter;
a second connector unit operable to connect the charger to the battery; and
a configurator having a set of switches and/or relays operable to switch between a three-phase operation and a single-phase operation to charge said battery from the grid, said configurator being provided between said first connector unit and said set of filters, wherein:
said first connector unit comprises a first connector, a second connector, a third connector, and a fourth connector;
said set of filters comprises a first filter line connected to said first connector, a second filter line connected to said second connector, a third filter line connected to said third connector, and a fourth filter line connected to said fourth connector;
said configurator operable to configure said charger so that:
said first connector is operable for connection to a first grid line in a three-phase charging mode and in a single phase charging mode,
said second connector is operable for connection to said first grid line in a single-phase charging mode, and to a second grid line in a three-phase charging mode,
said third connector is operable for connection to a third grid line in a three-phase charging mode, and to the neutral grid line in a single phase charging mode, and
said fourth connector is operable for connection to the neutral grid line in a three-phase charging mode and in a single phase charging mode.
2. The charger of claim 1 , wherein said set of switches and/or relays of said configurator are operable to switch to and from a single-phase operation for charging said battery from the grid.
3. The charger of claim 1 , wherein said set of switches and/or relays of said configurator are operable to switch to and from a four-phase operation for charging said battery from the grid.
4. The charger of claim 1 , wherein said configurator includes a detection system operable to detect the grid configuration and to identify a single-phase grid configuration, a two-phase grid configuration, and a three-phase grid configuration.
5. The charger of claim 1 , wherein said detection system is operable to identify a four-phase grid configuration.
6. The charger of claim 5 , wherein said configurator is provided with a system operable to configure said set of switches according to the grid configuration detected by said detection system.
7. The charger of claim 1 , further comprising a DC/DC converter provided between said AC/DC converter and said second connector unit.
8. The charger of claim 7 , wherein said configurator is operable to:
connect said second connector to said second grid line when switching to a three-phase charging mode,
connect said third connector to said third grid line when switching to the three-phase charging mode, and
disconnect said third connector from said third grid line when switching to the single-phase charging mode.
9. The charger of claim 8 , wherein said configurator comprises a first switching unit having:
a first switch operable to allow a reversible connection between said first connector and said second connector, and
a second switch operable to allow a reversible connection between said third connector and said fourth connector.
10. The charger of claim 9 , further comprising a switch between said configurator and said AC/DC converter, said switch being operable to reversibly derivate said third filter line to said second connector unit without passing through said AC/DC converter.
11. The charger of claim 10 , further comprising:
a resistance connected in series to said configurator, and
a connector operable to connect said resistance in parallel with a protective ground of the grid when said charger is connected to the grid for charging a battery.
12. The charger of claim 11 , wherein:
a value of said resistance is determined upon connection of said charger to a grid, and
a configuration of said configurator according to the determined value of said resistance is selected.