IP Library Granted Patent US 12,206,804
Granted Patent B2
US 12,206,804 · App. 17/546,493 · Granted Jan 21, 2025

Methods and apparatus to identify media

Inventor: Gavin McMillan (Tarpon Springs, FL)
Assignee: The Nielsen Company (US), LLC
H04L9/36G06F21/16G07F17/32G07F17/3241H04L2209/608
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,206,804
App. No.
17/546,493
Granted
Jan 21, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

Methods and apparatus for identifying media are described. An example apparatus includes at least one memory, instructions in the apparatus; and processor circuitry to execute the instructions to: determine application identification information for a media presentation application executing on a media device; determine a first watermark for the application identification information from a lookup table; request media identification information for media from the media presentation application; determine a second watermark for the media identification information from the lookup table; insert the first watermark in the media prior to output of the media by the media device; and insert the second watermark in the media prior to the output of the media by the media device.

Claims (70)

1. An apparatus comprising:

a processor; and

a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon program instructions that, upon execution by the at least one processor, cause performance of operations comprising:

determining application identification information based on a query to an API of a gaming platform application presenting on a video game console having an operating system, the gaming platform application associated with an entity different from a manufacturer of the video game console, wherein the application identification information includes an application identifier;

determining a first watermark for the application identification information corresponding to the application identifier, the first watermark associated with the gaming platform application;

determining that media for presentation on the video game console is not known to an operating system of the video game console;

requesting, from the API of the gaming platform application, media identification information for the media for presentation on the video game console, wherein the media identification information corresponds to an embedded identifier that was embedded in the media for presentation on the video game console;

determining a second watermark for the media identification information corresponding to the embedded identifier; and

interleaving the first watermark and the second watermark in the media prior to output of the media by the video game console, wherein the operations further comprising:

determining to insert the second watermark in the media more frequently than the first watermark associated with gaming platform application;

inserting the first watermark associated with gaming platform application in the media prior to output of the media by the video game console; and

inserting the second watermark more frequently than the first watermark associated with gaming platform application in the media prior to the output of the media by the video game console.

2. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , wherein the first watermark is a final distributor watermark and the second watermark is a program content watermark.

3. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , wherein a time in content field of the second watermark indicates the media identification information.

4. The apparatus as defined in claim 3 , wherein a source identifier field of the second watermark indicates a platform of the media.

5. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , wherein a time in content field of the first watermark indicates the application identification information.

6. The apparatus as defined in claim 5 , wherein the first watermark is inserted in the media substantially immediately after the second watermark.

7. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , wherein the operations further comprising inserting copies of the second watermark and copies of the first watermark.

8. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first watermark and the second watermark is inserted in audio of the media.

9. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , wherein the operations further comprising:

detecting authorization for monitoring at the media device; and

issuing a rebate in response to detecting the authorization.

10. A video game console device comprising:

a processor; and

a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon program instructions that, upon execution by the at least one processor, cause performance of operations comprising:

detecting that a media presentation application is to cause the presentation of media, the media presentation application is to direct the media to a media rendering engine for rendering and presentation;

in response to detecting that the media presentation application is to cause the presentation of the media:

determining application identification information based on a query to an API of a gaming platform application presenting on the video game console device having an operating system, the gaming platform application associated with an entity different from a manufacturer of the video game console, wherein the application identification information includes an application identifier;

determining a first watermark for the application identification information corresponding to the application identifier, the first watermark associated with the gaming platform application;

determining that media for output by the video game console device is not known to an operating system of the video game console device;

requesting, from the API of the gaming platform application, media identification information for the media to be output by the video game console device, wherein the media identification information corresponds to an embedded identifier that was embedded in the media for output by the video game console device;

determining a second watermark for the media identification information corresponding to the embedded identifier; and

interleaving the first watermark and the second watermark in the media prior to output of the media by the video game console device, wherein the operations further comprising:

determining to insert the second watermark in the media more frequently than the first watermark associated with gaming platform application;

inserting the first watermark associated with gaming platform application in the media prior to output of the media by the video game console device; and

inserting the second watermark more frequently than the first watermark associated with gaming platform application in the media prior to the output of the media by the video game console device.

11. The video game console device as defined in claim 10 , wherein the first watermark is a final distributor watermark and the second watermark is a program content watermark.

12. The video game console device as defined in claim 10 , wherein a time in content field of the second watermark indicates the media identification information.

13. The video game console device as defined in claim 12 , wherein a source identifier field of the second watermark indicates a platform of the media.

14. The video game console device as defined in claim 10 , wherein a time in content field of the first watermark indicates the application identification information.

15. The video game console device as defined in claim 14 , wherein the first watermark is inserted in the media substantially immediately after the second watermark.

16. The video game console device as defined in claim 10 , wherein the operations further comprising alternately inserting copies of the second watermark and copies of the first watermark.

17. The video game console device as defined in claim 10 , wherein at least one of the first watermark and the second watermark is inserted in audio of the media.

18. An apparatus comprising:

an identification generator to:

present, via a display, a graphical enable button that, when selected, is to enable monitoring functionality implemented by a video game console device, the monitoring functionality to monitor media presented by the video game console device, the monitoring functionality to be disabled by default, the monitoring functionality installed in the video game console device at a time of manufacture of the video game console device;

detect a first user input corresponding to selection of the graphical enable button; and

in response to detection of the first user input:

enable the monitoring functionality implemented by the video game console device, the monitoring functionality including a watermark generator and a lookup table;

transmit, via a network interface, information to a remote monitoring entity;

receive, from the remote monitoring entity, updated identification information for updating the lookup table;

a device interface to determine application identification information based on a query to an API of a gaming platform application presenting on the video game console device having an operating system, the gaming platform application associated with an entity different from a manufacturer of the video game console device, wherein the application identification information includes an application identifier;

an application interface to:

determine that media for presentation on the video game console is not known to an operating system of the video game console device; and

request, from the API of the gaming platform application, media identification information for the media for presentation on the video game console device, the media identification information corresponds to an embedded identifier that was embedded in the media for presentation on the video game console;

a data compiler to:

determine a first watermark corresponding to the application identifier from the lookup table, the first watermark associated with the gaming platform application; and

determine a second watermark corresponding to the embedded identifier from the lookup table; and

a watermark generator to:

determine to insert the second watermark in the media more frequently than the first watermark associated with the gaming platform application;

insert the first watermark associated with the gaming platform application and the second watermark into the media to be presented by the video game console device prior to an output of the media by the video game console device; and

insert the second watermark more frequently than the first watermark associated with gaming platform application in the media prior to the output of the media by the video game console device.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 , wherein the identification generator is to present the graphical enable button in response to the video game console device being powered on.

20. The apparatus of claim 18 , wherein the identification generator is further to:

present, via the display, a graphical disable button that, when selected, is to disable the monitoring functionality implemented by the video game console device;

detect a second user input corresponding to selection of the graphical disable button; and

disable the monitoring functionality implemented by the video game console device in response to detection of the second user input.

21. The apparatus of claim 18 , wherein the identification generator is to present the graphical enable button in response to access of a menu to be presented by the video game console device.

22. The apparatus of claim 18 , wherein the information includes demographic information, and the identification generator is further to present a form via the display in response to the detection of the first user input, the form to request the demographic information.

23. The apparatus of claim 22 , wherein the information includes monitoring information generated by the monitoring functionality, and the identification generator is further to access an identifier received, via a network interface, from the remote monitoring entity, the identifier to identify the monitoring information to the remote monitoring entity.

Assignments (4)
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded May 8, 2023
From: GRACENOTE DIGITAL VENTURES, LLC; GRACENOTE MEDIA SERVICES, LLC; GRACENOTE, INC.; TNC (US) HOLDINGS, INC.; THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC
To: ARES CAPITAL CORPORATION
Reel/Frame 063574/0632 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Apr 28, 2023
From: GRACENOTE DIGITAL VENTURES, LLC; GRACENOTE MEDIA SERVICES, LLC; GRACENOTE, INC.; TNC (US) HOLDINGS, INC.; THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC
To: CITIBANK, N.A.
Reel/Frame 063561/0381 →
SECURITY AGREEMENT Recorded Jan 31, 2023
From: GRACENOTE DIGITAL VENTURES, LLC; GRACENOTE MEDIA SERVICES, LLC; GRACENOTE, INC.; TNC (US) HOLDINGS, INC.; THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC
To: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.
Reel/Frame 063560/0547 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded May 22, 2022
From: MCMILLAN, GAVIN
To: THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC
Reel/Frame 059977/0684 →
Continuity (5)
Continuation 16355262 · Mar 15, 2019
Continuation 14556197 · Nov 30, 2014
Continuation PCTUS2013068635 · Nov 6, 2013
Continuation 13671341 · Nov 7, 2012
Related Publication 20220103382A1 · Mar 31, 2022
References Cited (200)
US 5887136A · Yasuda et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5915027A · Cox et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5987997A · Roskam et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6208745B1 · Florencio et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6285775B1 · Wu et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6567106B1 · Wugofski · 2003 [cited by examiner]
US 6748320B2 · Jones · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6804779B1 · Carroni et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6819774B2 · Nguyen · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 7224799B2 · Mase · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7343492B2 · Moskowitz · 2008 [cited by examiner]
US 7577769B2 · Cobb et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7607016B2 · Brunk · 2009 [cited by examiner]
US 7656930B2 · Tian · 2010 [cited by examiner]
US 7668334B2 · Reed et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7721103B2 · Risan · 2010 [cited by examiner]
US 7804804B2 · Sugaya · 2010 [cited by examiner]
US 7818577B2 · David · 2010 [cited by examiner]
US 7827312B2 · Ramaswamy et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7894706B2 · Aridome · 2011 [cited by examiner]
US 8051295B2 · Brunk · 2011 [cited by examiner]
US 8085975B2 · Srinivasan · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8090822B2 · Lee · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8103049B2 · Petrovic et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8103879B2 · Levy · 2012 [cited by examiner]
US 8130811B2 · Tian · 2012 [cited by examiner]
US 8150096B2 · Alattar · 2012 [cited by examiner]
US 8225342B2 · Mears et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8250518B2 · Averett · 2012 [cited by examiner]
US 8374384B2 · Zhang · 2013 [cited by examiner]
US 8488837B2 · Bae et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8639629B1 · Hoffman · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8768838B1 · Hoffman · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8874924B2 · McMillan · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 9060295B2 · Edara · 2015 [cited by examiner]
US 9280977B2 · Sharma · 2016 [cited by examiner]
US 9552617B2 · Modro · 2017 [cited by examiner]
US 9697839B2 · McMillan · 2017 [cited by examiner]
US 10026410B2 · Gurijala · 2018 [cited by examiner]
US 10346479B2 · Uphoff · 2019 [cited by examiner]
US 11787025B2 · Gauthier · 2023 [cited by examiner]
US 11921788B2 · Vaidyanathan · 2024 [cited by examiner]
US 20020032906A1 · Grossman · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020033844A1 · Levy et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020072975A1 · Steele et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020112048A1 · Gruyer et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020126869A1 · Wang et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020138499A1 · Anderson · 2002 [cited by examiner]
US 20020138730A1 · Kim · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030018587A1 · Althoff et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030061607A1 · Hunter et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030149988A1 · Ellis · 2003 [cited by examiner]
US 20030151762A1 · Cherry et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030174861A1 · Levy et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030187798A1 · McKinley · 2003 [cited by examiner]
US 20030188166A1 · Pelly et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030202679A1 · Rodriguez · 2003 [cited by examiner]
US 20040044576A1 · Kurihara et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040052400A1 · Inomata et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050015802A1 · Masson · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050097331A1 · Majidimehr et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050144632A1 · Mears et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050205482A1 · Gladney · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060026431A1 · Campello De Souza · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060083403A1 · Zhang et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060085257A1 · Johnson · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060107334A1 · Leone et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060242325A1 · Ramaswamy · 2006 [cited by examiner]
US 20070038728A1 · Jacobs et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070040934A1 · Ramaswamy et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070050832A1 · Wright · 2007 [cited by examiner]
US 20070130015A1 · Starr et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070150961A1 · Keda et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070157249A1 · Cordray et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070160082A1 · Un et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070174623A1 · Watson et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070198842A1 · Kawamae et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070227264A1 · Pors et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070266252A1 · Davis et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070277039A1 · Zhao · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070288952A1 · Weinblatt · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20080103978A1 · Houston · 2008 [cited by examiner]
US 20080142599A1 · Benillouche et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080154718A1 · Flake et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080172747A1 · Hurtado et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080215436A1 · Roberts · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080247543A1 · Mick et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080263579A1 · Mears et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080263620A1 · Berkvens · 2008 [cited by examiner]
US 20080295128A1 · Aaltonen · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20090049466A1 · Schoettle et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090055854A1 · Wright et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090070587A1 · Srinivasan et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090113466A1 · Amitay · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090136083A1 · Picard et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090220070A1 · Picard et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090305680A1 · Swift et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100063978A1 · Lee et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100064139A1 · Courington · 2010 [cited by examiner]
US 20100064331A1 · Cooper · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100098250A1 · Schultz · 2010 [cited by examiner]
US 20100205628A1 · Davis et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100226526A1 · Modro · 2010 [cited by examiner]
US 20100228594A1 · Chweh et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100291907A1 · MacNaughtan et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100325025A1 · Etchegoyen · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20110055385A1 · Tung et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110239244A1 · Karaoguz et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110264657A1 · Hoffman et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120011531A1 · Levy et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120072353A1 · Boone · 2012 [cited by examiner]
US 20120072940A1 · Fuhrer · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120134548A1 · Rhoads et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120150958A1 · Besehanic et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120154633A1 · Rodriguez · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120197633A1 · Aoyagi · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120208592A1 · Davis et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120209949A1 · Deliyannis et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120240143A1 · Mathews · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120254910A1 · Donoghue et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120275642A1 · Aller et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120284012A1 · Rodriguez et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120290265A1 · Crystal et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120290950A1 · Rapaport et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120302222A1 · Williamson et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20130151855A1 · Petrovic · 2013 [cited by examiner]
US 20130185162A1 · Mo · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130205311A1 · Ramaswamy et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130205326A1 · Sinha et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130297422A1 · Hunter et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130311478A1 · Frett et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130311780A1 · Besehanic · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130347016A1 · Rowe · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20140110468A1 · Kandregula · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140129841A1 · McMillan · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140344844A1 · Wright et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150089235A1 · McMillan · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150089523A1 · Volovich et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150121073A1 · Wajs · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150350245A1 · Twitchell, Jr. et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20170300670A1 · Horne · 2017 [cited by examiner]
EP 1220151 · 2002 [cited by applicant]
JP 3880162 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
JP 2008134725 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
KR 20090064142 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
KR 101088080 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
KR 20120034525 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
KR 20120042245 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
WO 2014074543 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO 2014137414 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
IP Australia, “Examination Report”, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2020226993 on Apr. 29, 2021, 4 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Non-Final Office Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 14/073,656 on Jan. 20, 2015, 18 pages. [cited by applicant]
International Searching Authority, “International Search Report and the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority”, issued in connection with International Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/068929 on Feb.… [cited by applicant]
IP Australia, “Patent Examination Report No. 1” issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2013203768 on Jul. 11, 2014, 4 pages. [cited by applicant]
European Patent Office, “Communication Pursuant to Rules 161(2) and 162 EPC”, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 13853140.5-1901 on Jul. 2, 2015, 2 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Non-Final Office Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 14/073,656 on Nov. 13, 2015, 20 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Final Office Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 14/073,656 on Jul. 24, 2015, 27 pages. [cited by applicant]
European Patent Office, “Communication Pursuant to Article 94(3) EPC”, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 13853140.5-1958 on Jan. 13, 2017, 6 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office “Final Office Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/355,262 on May 6, 2020, 10 pages. [cited by applicant]
European Patent Office, “Commuication Pursuant to Article 94(3) EPC”, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 13853140.5-1222 on Feb. 21, 2018, 8 pages. [cited by applicant]
IP Australia, “Examination Report No. 2” issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2016216648 on Mar. 31, 2018, 3 pages. [cited by applicant]
Canadian Intellectual Property Office, “Examination Report”, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 2890486 on May 5, 2017, 3 pages. [cited by applicant]
European Patent Office. “Communication Pursuant to Article 94(3) EPC”, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 13853140.5-1958 on Aug. 10, 2017, 8 pages. [cited by applicant]
IP Australia, “Examination Report No. 1”, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2016216648 on Sep. 16, 2017, 4 pages. [cited by applicant]
European Patent Office, “European Search Report”, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 13853140.5-1958 on Apr. 21, 2016, 7 pages. [cited by applicant]
IP Australia, “Notice of Acceptance”, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2014250673 on May 10, 2016, 2 pages. [cited by applicant]
Canadian Intellectual Property Office, “Examination Report”, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 2890486 on Jun. 10, 2016, 3 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Notice of Allowance and Fee(s) Due”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 13/671,341 on Jun. 24, 2014, 7 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Supplemental Notice of Allowability”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 13/671,341 on Aug. 13, 2014, 2 pages. [cited by applicant]
IP Australia, “Patent Examination Report No. 1”, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2013203683 on May 30, 2014, 2 pages. [cited by applicant]
IP Australia, “Notice of Acceptance”, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2013203683 on Jul. 3, 2014, 2 pages. [cited by applicant]
International Searching Authority, “International Search Report”, issued in connection with International Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/068635 on Feb. 18, 2014, 4 pages. [cited by applicant]
International Searching Authority, “Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority”, issued in connection with International Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/068635 on Feb. 18, 2014, 4 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Final Office Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 14/556,197 on Sep. 14, 2018, 14 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Non-Final Office Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 14/556,197 on Apr. 12, 2018, 11 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Final Office Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 14/556,197 on Sep. 25, 2017, 11 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Non-Final Office Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 14/556,197 on Apr. 20, 2017, 11 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Final Office Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 14/556,197 on Jul. 19, 2016, 12 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Non-Final Office Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 14/556,197 on Jan. 22, 2016, 9 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Advisory Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 14/556,197 on Jul. 15, 2019, 2 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Appeal”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 14/556,197 on Oct. 10, 2019, 19 pages. [cited by applicant]
European Patent Office, “Summons to Attend Oral Proceedings Pursuant to Rule 115(1) EPC”, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 13853140.5-1222 on Apr. 30, 2019, 8 pages. [cited by applicant]
IP Australia, “Examination Report No. 1”, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2018282417 on Aug. 31, 2019, 4 pages. [cited by applicant]
Canadian Intellectual Property Office, “Examination Report”, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3021656 on Jul. 26, 2019, 4 pages. [cited by applicant]
IP Australia, “Notice of Grant for Patent”, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2016216648 on Jan. 10, 2019, 1 page. [cited by applicant]
Canadian Intellectual Property Office, “Notice of Allowance”, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 2890486 on Apr. 20, 2018, 1 page. [cited by applicant]
IP Australia, “Notice of Grant for Patent”, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2020226993 on Mar. 17, 2022, 1 page. [cited by applicant]
IP Australia, “Notice of Acceptance for Patent Application”, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2020226993 on Nov. 22, 2021, 3 pages. [cited by applicant]
European Patent Office, “Decision to Refuse a European Patent Application”, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 13853140.5-1222 on Jan. 29, 2021, 19 pages. [cited by applicant]
Canadian Intellectual Property Office, “Notice of Allowance”, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3021656 on Aug. 18, 2020, 1 page. [cited by applicant]
International Searching Authority, “Preliminary Report on Patentability”, issued in connection with International Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/068635 on May 21, 2015, 6 pages. [cited by applicant]
IP Australia, “Examination Report No. 3”, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2018282417 on Jul. 4, 2020, 3 pages. [cited by applicant]
IP Australia, “Examination Report No. 2”, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2018282417 on Mar. 25, 2020, 3 pages. [cited by applicant]
European Patent Office, “Oral Proceedings”, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 13853140.5-1222 on Feb. 26, 2020, 10 pages. [cited by applicant]
European Patent Office “Summons to Attend Oral Proceedings”, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 13853140.5-1222 on Apr. 9, 2020, 13 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Non-Final Office Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/355,262 on Nov. 29, 2019, 10 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Non-Final Office Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/355,262 on Aug. 18, 2020, 11 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Final Office Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/355,262 on Jan. 28, 2021, 13 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Advisory Action”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/355,262 on May 17, 2021, 6 pages. [cited by applicant]
United States Patent and Trademark Office, “Notice of Allowance and Fee(s) Due”, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/355,262 on Sep. 15, 2021, 8 pages. [cited by applicant]