Barrel for hair styling appliance
A barrel for a hair styling appliance, the barrel comprising: an external surface; and a heater-mounting surface inside the barrel; wherein the heater-mounting surface is integrally formed with the external surface. For example, the barrel may be formed as a single extruded metal component. Also provided is a barrel assembly comprising such a barrel, and one or more heater elements mounted on the heater-mounting surface. Also provided is a hair styling appliance (e.g. a curling tong, curling wand or hot iron brush) comprising such a barrel assembly. A heater element for a hair styling appliance is also provided, the heater element comprising a substrate having a conductive track for generating heat upon application of an electrical current thereto, and an integral temperature sensor. Manufacturing methods in respect of the above are also provided.
1. A hair styling appliance comprising:
a heater element, wherein the heater element comprises:
a ceramic substrate having a conductive track for generating heat upon application of an electrical current thereto; and
an integral temperature sensor that comprises a resistive track, wherein a resistance of the resistive track changes with temperature;
wherein the conductive track, and the resistive track of the integral temperature sensor, are both embedded, one above the other, within a thickness of the ceramic substrate.
2. The hair styling appliance according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive track, and the resistive track of the integral temperature sensor, are formed as planar parallel layers embedded within the ceramic substrate.
3. The hair styling appliance according to claim 1 , wherein the integral temperature sensor is molecularly bonded to the ceramic substrate.
4. The hair styling appliance according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive track, and the resistive track of the integral temperature sensor, extend over an area of the ceramic substrate, and wherein the resistive track of the integral temperature sensor is arranged to provide temperature sensing over the area of the ceramic substrate.
5. The hair styling appliance according to claim 1 , further comprising a barrel, the barrel having an external surface and a heater-mounting surface inside the barrel, wherein the heater-mounting surface is integrally formed with the external surface and extends across the inside of the barrel, from one side to the other, when the barrel is viewed in transverse cross-section;
wherein the heater element is mounted on the heater-mounting surface.
6. The hair styling appliance according to claim 5 , wherein the barrel further comprises an inner surface, and wherein the hair styling appliance further comprises a spring clip inserted within the barrel, between the inner surface and the heater element, such that the spring clip provides a force for securing the heater element against the heater-mounting surface.
7. The hair styling appliance according to claim 5 , wherein at least a 0.6 mm gap is provided between the conductive track and the heater-mounting surface.
8. The hair styling appliance according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a current drive unit operable to supply the electrical current to the conductive track of the heater element;
a resistance sensing unit operable to generate a signal representative of, or dependent on, the resistance of the resistive track of the integral temperature sensor; and
a control unit to which the current drive unit and the resistance sensing unit are both connected, the control unit being configured to:
cause the current drive unit to supply the electrical current to the conductive track of the heater element;
receive and process the signal generated by the resistance sensing unit, to determine the temperature of the heater element; and
adjust the electrical current supplied to the conductive track of the heater element to regulate the temperature of the heater element, such that the heater element reaches and maintains a desired temperature.
9. The hair styling appliance according to claim 8 , further comprising a user interface coupled to the control unit and operable to enable a user to specify the temperature to be attained by the heater element.
10. The hair styling appliance according to claim 1 , wherein the ceramic substrate is formed of constituent ceramic layers fired together.
11. The hair styling appliance according to claim 10 , wherein the conductive track is formed on a first ceramic layer, the resistive track of the temperature sensor is formed on a second ceramic layer disposed on the first ceramic layer, and a third ceramic layer is disposed on the second ceramic layer.
12. The hair styling appliance according to claim 11 , wherein the first ceramic layer has a greater thickness than either the second ceramic layer or the third ceramic layer.
13. The hair styling appliance according to claim 11 , wherein the third ceramic layer is provided with a set of through-thickness solder pads having electrical connections thereto,
wherein a subset of the set of solder pads are connected to mutually-aligned solder pads on the second ceramic layer, and
wherein the solder pads on the second ceramic layer are connected to the resistive track of the temperature sensor.
14. The hair styling appliance according to claim 11 , wherein the third ceramic layer is provided with a set of through-thickness solder pads having electrical connections thereto,
wherein a subset of the set of solder pads are connected through intermediary mutually-aligned through-thickness solder pads on the second ceramic layer to mutually-aligned solder pads on the first ceramic layer, and
wherein the solder pads on the first ceramic layer are connected to the conductive track.
15. The hair styling appliance according to claim 11 , wherein the first ceramic layer is provided with a set of exposed solder pads to which the conductive track is connected, and via the solder pads, electrical connections are made to the conductive track.
16. The hair styling appliance according to claim 15 , wherein the second ceramic layer and the third ceramic layer are shaped so as not to cover the set of solder pads of the first ceramic layer.
17. The hair styling appliance according to claim 11 , wherein the second ceramic layer is provided with a set of exposed solder pads to which the resistive track of the temperature sensor is connected, and via the solder pads, electrical connections are made to the resistive track of the temperature sensor.
18. The hair styling appliance according to claim 17 , wherein the third ceramic layer is shaped so as not to cover the set of solder pads of the second ceramic layer.
19. The hair styling appliance according to claim 12 , wherein the first ceramic layer has a thickness of 0.6 mm, and the second ceramic layer and the third ceramic layer each have a thickness of 0.2 mm.
20. The hair styling appliance according to claim 1 , having an external surface via which heat from the heater element is transferred to a user's hair, in contact with the external surface, in use.
21. The hair styling appliance according to claim 1 , being selected from a group comprising: a curling tong, a curling wand, a hot iron brush, and a hair straightener.
22. The hair styling appliance according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive track, and the resistive track of the temperature sensor, are both at least 0.6 mm inward of outer edges of the heater element.
23. The hair styling appliance according to claim 1 ,
wherein the conductive track is separated by a first distance from a first surface of the heater element;
wherein the resistive track of the temperature sensor is separated by a second distance from a second surface of the heater element, the second surface being opposite the first surface; and
wherein the first distance is different from the second distance.
24. A method of manufacturing a hair styling appliance, the method comprising:
forming a heater element for the hair styling appliance by:
forming, in a ceramic substrate, a conductive track for generating heat upon application of an electrical current thereto, and an integral temperature sensor that comprises a resistive track, wherein a resistance of the resistive track changes with temperature;
wherein the conductive track, and the resistive track of the integral temperature sensor, are both embedded, one above the other, within a thickness of the ceramic substrate; and
wherein the method further comprises incorporating the heater element into the hair styling appliance.
25. The method according to claim 24 , wherein the conductive track, and the resistive track of the integral temperature sensor, are formed as planar parallel layers embedded within the ceramic substrate.
26. The method according to claim 24 , wherein the integral temperature sensor is molecularly bonded to the ceramic substrate.
27. The method according to claim 24 , wherein the conductive track, and the resistive track of the integral temperature sensor, extend over an area of the ceramic substrate, and wherein the resistive track of the integral temperature sensor is arranged to provide temperature sensing over the area of the ceramic substrate.
28. The method according to claim 24 , wherein the hair styling appliance comprises a barrel, the barrel having an external surface and a heater-mounting surface inside the barrel, wherein the heater-mounting surface is integrally formed with the external surface and extends across the inside of the barrel, from one side to the other, when the barrel is viewed in transverse cross-section;
and wherein the method further comprises mounting the heater element on the heater-mounting surface.
29. The method according to claim 28 , wherein the barrel further comprises an inner surface, and wherein the method further comprises inserting a spring clip within the barrel, between the inner surface and the heater element, such that the spring clip provides a force for securing the heater element against the heater-mounting surface.
30. The method according to claim 24 , further comprising incorporating, into the hair styling appliance:
a current drive unit operable to supply the electrical current to the conductive track of the heater element;
a resistance sensing unit operable to generate a signal representative of, or dependent on, the resistance of the resistive track of the integral temperature sensor; and
a control unit to which the current drive unit and the resistance sensing unit are both connected, the control unit being configured to:
cause the current drive unit to supply the electrical current to the conductive track of the heater element;
receive and process the signal generated by the resistance sensing unit, to determine the temperature of the heater element; and
adjust the electrical current supplied to the conductive track of the heater element to regulate the temperature of the heater element, such that the heater element reaches and maintains a desired temperature.
31. The method according to claim 30 , further comprising incorporating, into the hair styling appliance:
a user interface coupled to the control unit and operable to enable a user to specify the temperature to be attained by the heater element.
32. The method according to claim 24 , wherein, when forming the heater element, the conductive track is deposited on a first ceramic layer, the resistive track of the integral temperature sensor is deposited on a second ceramic layer, the second ceramic layer is placed on top of the first ceramic layer, a third ceramic layer is placed on top of the second ceramic layer, and the first, second and third ceramic layers are fired together to form the ceramic substrate.