Multilayer film comprising highly refined cellulose fibers
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a multilayer film comprising highly refined cellulose fibers, the method comprising the steps of: a) forming a first wet web by applying a first pulp suspension comprising highly refined cellulose fibers on a first wire; b) partially dewatering the first wet web to obtain a first partially dewatered web; c) forming a second wet web by applying a foamed second pulp suspension comprising highly refined cellulose fibers and a foaming agent on a second wire; d) partially dewatering the foamed second wet web to obtain a second partially dewatered web; e) joining the first and second partially dewatered web to obtain a multilayer web; and f) further dewatering, and optionally drying, the multilayer web to obtain a multilayer film comprising highly refined cellulose fibers.
1. A method for manufacturing a multilayer film comprising highly refined cellulose fibers, the method comprising the steps of:
a) forming a first wet web by applying a first pulp suspension comprising highly refined cellulose fibers having a Schopper-Riegler (SR) value of 65 or higher, as determined by standard ISO 5267-1, on a first wire;
b) partially dewatering the first wet web to obtain a first partially dewatered web;
c) forming a second wet web by applying a foamed second pulp suspension comprising highly refined cellulose fibers having a Schopper-Riegler (SR) value of 65 or higher, as determined by standard ISO 5267-1, and a foaming agent on a second wire;
d) partially dewatering the foamed second wet web to obtain a second partially dewatered web;
e) joining the first partially dewatered web and the second partially dewatered web to obtain a multilayer web; and
f) further dewatering the multilayer web to obtain a multilayer film comprising highly refined cellulose fibers,
wherein the multilayer film has a Gurley Hill value of at least 10,000 s/100 ml, as measured according to standard ISO 5636/6, and a density above 600 kg/m 3 .
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a dry solids content of the first pulp suspension is in a range of 0.1-0.7 wt %.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a dry solids content of the foamed second pulp suspension is in a range of 0.1-15 wt %.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a density of the foamed second pulp suspension is below 800 kg/m 3 .
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the foamed second pulp suspension comprises a foamed aqueous mixture of highly refined cellulose fibers and a foaming agent.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the foaming agent is a polymeric foaming agent.
7. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the foaming agent is an amphiphilic polymer.
8. The method according to claim 5 , wherein foaming agent is selected from a group consisting of: polysaccharides, hydrophobically modified polysaccharides, proteins, polyvinyl alcohol, partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, and mixtures thereof.
9. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the foaming agent is a polysaccharide selected from a group consisting of: cellulose, starch, hemicellulose, and mixtures thereof.
10. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the foaming agent is a polysaccharide selected from a group consisting of: cellulose acetate, hydrophobically modified cellulose acetate (CA), ethyl(hydroxyethyl)cellulose (EHEC), methylcellulose (MC), ethylcellulose (EC), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sulfoethylcellulose, starch, and mixtures thereof.
11. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the foaming agent has a molecular weight above 5,000 g/mol.
12. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the foamed second pulp suspension comprises foaming agent in a range of 0.1-80 wt %, based on a total dry weight of the foamed second pulp suspension.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first pulp suspension, the second pulp suspension, or both comprises at least 50 wt % highly refined cellulose fibers, based on a total dry weight of said pulp suspension.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first pulp suspension, the second pulp suspension, or both is formed from a cellulose furnish having a Schopper-Riegler (SR) value in a range of of 65-99.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the highly refined cellulose fibers comprises microfibrillated cellulose (MFC).
16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the first pulp suspension, the second pulp suspension, or both comprises 50-99 wt % MFC, based on a total dry weight of said pulp suspension.
17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first pulp suspension comprises 1-50 wt % unrefined or slightly refined cellulose fibers, having a Schopper-Riegler (SR) value below 30, as determined by standard ISO 5267-1, based on a total dry weight of the first pulp suspension.
18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the foamed second pulp suspension comprises 1-50 wt % of long fibers having a mean fiber length above 0.5 mm, based on a total dry weight of the pulp suspension.
19. The method according claim 18 , wherein said long fibers are selected from a group consisting of: unrefined or slightly refined cellulose fibers, regenerated cellulose fibers, and thermoplastic polymer fibers.
20. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a basis weight of the first wet web, the second wet web, or both based on a total dry weight of said wet web is less than 50 g/m 2 .
21. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a basis weight of the multilayer web based on a total dry weight of the web is in the range of 10-100 g/m 2 .
22. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a KIT value of the multilayer film is at least 6, as measured according to standard ISO 16532-2.
23. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the multilayer film has a Gurley Hill value of at least 25,000 s/100ml, as measured according to standard ISO 5636/6.