IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,261,679
Granted Patent B2
US 12,261,679 · App. 18/616,395 · Granted Mar 25, 2025

Access node farm for end-to-end beamforming

Inventors: Kenneth V. Buer (Bluff City, TN); Mark J. Miller (San Marcos, CA); Christopher J. Cronin (Monrovia, MD); Mark D. Dankberg (Encinitas, CA); Donald L. Runyon (Duluth, GA)
Assignee: ViaSat, Inc.
H04B7/18513H01Q1/06H01Q1/288H01Q3/247H01Q3/40H01Q5/50H01Q19/132H01Q21/0025H01Q21/24H01Q25/001H04B7/024H04B7/0413H04B7/0617H04B7/18508H04B7/18515H04B7/18517H04B7/18534H04B7/1858H04B7/18586H04B7/18589H04B7/204H04B7/2041H04B10/118H04W4/00H04W16/28H04W40/20H04W76/10H04W84/06H01Q1/247H04W16/26
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,261,679
App. No.
18/616,395
Granted
Mar 25, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

Methods and systems are described for providing end-to-end beamforming. For example, end-to-end beamforming systems include end-to-end relays and ground networks to provide communications to user terminals located in user beam coverage areas. The ground segment can include geographically distributed access nodes and a central processing system. Return uplink signals, transmitted from the user terminals, have multipath induced by a plurality of receive/transmit signal paths in the end to end relay and are relayed to the ground network. The ground network, using beamformers, recovers user data streams transmitted by the user terminals from return downlink signals. The ground network, using beamformers generates forward uplink signals from appropriately weighted combinations of user data streams that, after relay by the end-end-end relay, produce forward downlink signals that combine to form user beams.

Claims (22)

1. A ground network of a satellite communications system, the ground network comprising:

a plurality of geographically distributed access nodes (ANs) configured to transmit a plurality of forward uplink signals for retransmission by a satellite, each AN configured to transmit a corresponding one among the plurality of forward uplink signals; and

a central processing station (CPS) configured to distribute a plurality of AN-specific forward signals to the plurality of ANs, for transmission as the plurality of forward uplink signals, and wherein the CPS is configured to apply delay equalization for distribution of the plurality of AN-specific forward signals for equalization of AN-specific path delays between the CPS and the satellite, such that the plurality of forward uplink signals is received in synchrony at the satellite.

2. The ground network according to claim 1 , wherein the CPS is configured to form the plurality of AN-specific forward signals using AN-specific beam weights calculated such that retransmission of the plurality of forward uplink signals by the satellite forms K forward user beams, wherein K is an integer greater than 1, and wherein each forward user beam corresponds to a respective one among a plurality of forward user beam coverage areas, and each forward user beam carrying forward user traffic for user terminals located in the respective forward user beam coverage area.

3. The ground network according to claim 2 , wherein the CPS is configured to calculate the AN-specific beam weights as respective sets of AN-specific beam weights, each set including AN-specific beam weights calculated for formation of a respective one among the K forward user beams.

4. The ground network according to claim 2 , wherein the CPS is configured to calculate the AN-specific beam weights based on end-to-end forward channel estimates that account for propagation from each AN to the satellite and from the satellite to one or more reference user terminals in each one of the forward user beam coverage areas.

5. The ground network according to claim 1 , wherein the CPS is configured to receive timing information from each AN, indicating path delays associated with the AN relative to the satellite, and wherein the CPS is configured to determine AN-specific signal timing offsets based on the received timing information, wherein the CPS applies the delay equalization by offsetting the AN-specific forward signal according to the AN-specific signal timing offsets.

6. The ground network according to claim 5 , wherein the timing information received from each AN comprises timestamps indicating a timing difference between a beacon signal transmitted by the AN and a corresponding beacon signal returned from the satellite.

7. The ground network according to claim 1 , wherein the CPS includes an interface to a data source configured to forward user traffic for a population of user terminals served by the satellite, the population being distributed over a plurality of K forward user beam coverage areas illuminated by the satellite via the formation of K forward user beams, wherein K is an integer greater than 1.

8. The ground network according to claim 7 , wherein the CPS includes a plurality of forward modems configured to form K forward beam signals, each forward beam signal carrying the forward user traffic for the user terminals located in a corresponding one among the K forward user beam coverage areas.

9. The ground network according to claim 8 , wherein the plurality of ANs comprises M ANs, where M is an integer, and wherein the CPS includes a forward beamformer that is configured to maintain K sets of forward beam weights, each set of forward beam weights corresponding to a respective one among the K forward user beams and containing M beam weights, with each one of the M beam weights in each set corresponding to a respective one among the M ANs, and wherein the forward beamformer is further configured to split each one of the K forward beam signals into M signal copies and apply the corresponding set of forward beam weights to the M signal copies, to obtain a set of beam weighted signals, and to form the AN-specific forward signal for each AN as a combination of the beam weighted signals corresponding to the AN.

10. A method of operation by a ground network of a satellite communications system, the method comprising:

transmitting a plurality of forward uplink signals for retransmission by a satellite, each forward uplink signal transmitted via a corresponding one among a plurality of geographically distributed access nodes (ANs); and

distributing a plurality of AN-specific forward signals from a central processing station (CPS) to the plurality of ANs, for transmission as the plurality of forward uplink signals, including applying delay equalization for the distribution of the plurality of AN-specific forward signals, for equalization of AN-specific path delays between the CPS and the satellite, such that the plurality of forward uplink signals is received in synchrony at the satellite.

11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the method includes forming the plurality of AN-specific forward signals using AN-specific beam weights calculated such that retransmission of the plurality of forward uplink signals by the satellite forms K forward user beams, wherein K is an integer greater than 1, and wherein each forward user beam corresponds to a respective one among a plurality of forward user beam coverage areas, and each forward user beam carrying forward user traffic for user terminals located in the respective forward user beam coverage area.

12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the method includes calculating the AN-specific beam weights as respective sets of AN-specific beam weights, each set including AN-specific beam weights calculated for formation of a respective one among the K forward user beams.

13. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the method includes calculating the AN-specific beam weights based on end-to-end forward channel estimates that account for propagation from each AN to the satellite and from the satellite to one or more reference user terminals in each one of the forward user beam coverage areas.

14. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the method includes receiving timing information from each AN at the CPS, the timing information indicating path delays associated with the AN relative to the satellite, and wherein the method includes determining AN-specific signal timing offsets based on the received timing information, and wherein applying the delay equalization comprises offsetting each AN-specific forward signal according to the AN-specific signal timing offsets.

15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the timing information received from each AN comprises timestamps indicating a timing difference between a beacon signal transmitted by the AN and a corresponding beacon signal returned from the satellite.

16. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the method includes forwarding forward user traffic for a population of user terminals served by the satellite, the population being distributed over a plurality of K forward user beam coverage areas illuminated by the satellite via the formation of K forward user beams, wherein K is an integer greater than 1.

17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein forwarding the forward user traffic comprises forming, at the CPS, K forward beam signals, each forward beam signal carrying the forward user traffic for the user terminals located in a corresponding one among the K forward user beam coverage areas.

18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the plurality of ANs comprises M ANs, where M is an integer, and wherein the method includes, at the CPS, maintaining K sets of forward beam weights, each set of forward beam weights corresponding to a respective one among the K forward user beams and containing M beam weights, with each one of the M beam weights in each set corresponding to a respective one among the M ANs, and splitting each one of the K forward beam signals into M signal copies and applying the corresponding set of forward beam weights to the M signal copies, to obtain a set of beam weighted signals, and forming the AN-specific forward signal for each AN as a combination of the beam weighted signals corresponding to the AN.

Assignments (2)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jun 26, 2024
From: BUER, KENNETH V.; MILLER, MARK J.; CRONIN, CHRISTOPHER J.
To: VIASAT, INC.
Reel/Frame 067842/0354 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jun 26, 2024
From: DANKBERG, MARK D.; RUNYON, DONALD L.
To: VIASAT, INC.
Reel/Frame 067842/0645 →
Continuity (16)
Continuation 17375485 · Jul 14, 2021
Continuation 16131831 · Sep 14, 2018
Continuation 15719249 · Sep 28, 2017
Continuation PCTUS2017013518 · Jan 13, 2017
Continuation PCTUS2016026813 · Apr 8, 2016
Continuation In Part PCTUS2016026815 · Apr 8, 2016
Continuation In Part PCTUS2016026815 · Apr 8, 2016
Provisional Application 62431416 · Dec 7, 2016
Provisional Application 62314921 · Mar 29, 2016
Provisional Application 62312342 · Mar 23, 2016
Provisional Application 62298911 · Feb 23, 2016
Provisional Application 62278368 · Jan 13, 2016
Provisional Application 62164456 · May 20, 2015
Provisional Application 62145810 · Apr 10, 2015
Provisional Application 62145804 · Apr 10, 2015
Related Publication 20240322900A1 · Sep 26, 2024
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