Flexible seaweed-based thin films and associated solution casting systems and methods
Compostable seaweed-based thin films, and associated systems and methods are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, an exemplary seaweed-based thin film comprises a seaweed-based composition comprising agar, alginate, carrageenan, semi-refined seaweed, and/or unprocessed seaweed; an agent comprising glycerin, sorbitol, sodium lignosulphonate, potassium lignosulphonate, calcium lignosulphonate, ammonium lignosulphonate, lignosulphonate, citric acid, ascorbic acid, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyglyceride fatty acid esters, guar gum, tributyl citrate, and/or propylene glycol; and water. The seaweed-based composition can comprise 50-90 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film, the agent can comprise no more than 40 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film, and the water can comprise 0.1-50 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film.
1. A seaweed-based thin film, comprising:
a seaweed-based composition comprising agar, alginate, carrageenan, semi-refined seaweed, and/or unprocessed seaweed;
an agent comprising glycerin, sorbitol, sodium lignosulphonate, potassium lignosulphonate, calcium lignosulphonate, ammonium lignosulphonate, lignosulphonate, ascorbic acid, polyglyceride fatty acid esters, guar gum, tributyl citrate, erucamide, calcium carbonate, natural colorants, and/or odor absorbers; and
water,
wherein:
the seaweed-based composition comprises 50-90 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film,
the agent comprises no more than 40 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film,
when in a salt concentration of more than 900 microSiemens, the thin film composition exhibits a degree of swelling of no more than 200%, and
the water comprises 0.1-50 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film.
2. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based composition consists essentially of agar and the agent consists essentially of glycerin and natural colorants, and wherein:
the agar comprises 70-75 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film,
the glycerin comprises 25-30 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film, and
the natural colorants comprise 0.1-5 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film.
3. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based composition consists essentially of agar, and wherein:
the agar comprises 50-80 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film, and
the agent comprises 20-40 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film.
4. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based composition comprises agar and unprocessed seaweed and the agent comprises glycerin and/or sorbitol, and wherein:
the agar comprises 50-80 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film,
the unprocessed seaweed comprises 0.5-20 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film, and
the agent comprises 20-40 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film.
5. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based composition consists essentially of agar and unprocessed seaweed and the agent comprises glycerin and/or sorbitol, and wherein:
the agar comprises 50-80 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film,
the unprocessed seaweed comprises 1-20 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film, and
the agent comprises 20-40 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film.
6. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based composition comprises agar and unprocessed seaweed and the agent comprises glycerin and sorbitol, and wherein:
the agar comprises 50-80 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film,
the unprocessed seaweed comprises 1-20 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film,
the glycerin comprises 20-30 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film, and
the sorbitol comprises no more than 10 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film.
7. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based composition consists essentially of agar and unprocessed seaweed and the agent consists essentially of glycerin and sorbitol, and wherein:
the agar comprises 50-80 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film,
the unprocessed seaweed comprises 1-20 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film,
the glycerin comprises 20-30 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film, and
the sorbitol comprises no more than 10 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film.
8. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based composition comprises agar and the agar is 50-80 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film.
9. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based composition includes unprocessed seaweed and the unprocessed seaweed is 0.5-20 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film.
10. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the agent includes glycerin and the glycerin is 20-40 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film.
11. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the agent includes sorbitol and the sorbitol is no more than 10 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film.
12. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based composition includes agar and unprocessed seaweed.
13. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the agent comprises glycerin and at least one of lignosulphonate, citric acid, calcium carbonate, erucamide, lecithin, and wherein the seaweed-based composition comprises agar.
14. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the agent comprises 15-30% glycerin and at least one of lignosulphonate, citric acid, calcium carbonate, erucamide, or lecithin.
15. A seaweed-based thin film, comprising:
a seaweed-based composition comprising agar, alginate, carrageenan, semi-refined seaweed, and/or unprocessed seaweed;
an agent comprising glycerin, sorbitol, sodium lignosulphonate, potassium lignosulphonate, calcium lignosulphonate, ammonium lignosulphonate, lignosulphonate, ascorbic acid, citric acid, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyglyceride fatty acid esters, guar gum, tributyl citrate, erucamide, calcium carbonate, propylene glycol, natural colorants, and/or odor absorbers; and
water,
wherein:
the seaweed-based composition comprises 50-90 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film,
the agent comprises no more than 40 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film,
the water comprises 0.1-50 wt % of the seaweed-based thin film, and
when in a salt concentration of less than 900 microSiemens, the thin film composition exhibits a degree of swelling of no more than 300%.
16. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein:
when in a salt concentration of less than 900 microSiemens, the thin film composition exhibits a degree of swelling of no more than 300%.
17. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based thin film is compostable as to guidelines set by ASTM D6400 or TUV Austria certification.
18. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based thin film is heat sealable at 100-160° C.
19. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based thin film has a heat seal strength according to ASTM F88 of no more than 10 N/mm.
20. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based thin film has a strain-at-break of at least 20% in tensile testing according to ASTM D882 at a 20 millimeter/minute rate.
21. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based thin film has a strength of at least 25 Megapascals in tensile testing according to ASTM D882 at a 20 millimeter/minute rate.
22. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based thin film has a stiffness or elastic modulus of at least 150 MPa in tensile testing according to ASTM D882 at a 20 millimeter/minute rate.
23. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based thin film has a thickness of no more than 8 mils.
24. The seaweed-based thin film of claim 1 , wherein the seaweed-based thin film comprises a product window, shopping bag, poly bag, bubble wrap, polymailer, pouch, sachet, shrink film, cling wrap, or wrapper.
25. A coated substrate, comprising:
a substrate comprising paper, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, and/or polyolefin; and
a coating applied to the substrate, the coating comprising:
a seaweed-based composition comprising agar, alginate, carrageenan, semi-refined seaweed, and/or unprocessed seaweed;
an agent comprising glycerin, sorbitol, sodium lignosulphonate, potassium lignosulphonate, calcium lignosulphonate, ammonium lignosulphonate, lignosulphonate, ascorbic acid, polyglyceride fatty acid esters, guar gum, tributyl citrate, erucamide, calcium carbonate, natural colorants, and/or odor absorbers; and
water,
wherein the coating comprises 5-99 wt % of the coated substrate, and
wherein, when in a salt concentration of more than 900 microSiemens, the thin film composition exhibits a degree of swelling of no more than 200%.
26. The coated substrate of claim 25 , wherein the substrate consists essentially of polyvinyl alcohol, and wherein:
the polyvinyl alcohol comprises 1-5 wt % of the coated substrate, and
the coating comprises 95-99 wt % of the coated substrate.
27. The coated substrate of claim 25 , wherein the substrate consists essentially of paper, and wherein:
the paper comprises 90-99 wt % of the coated substrate, and
the coating comprises 1-10 wt % of the coated substrate.
28. A coated substrate, comprising:
a substrate comprising paper, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, and/or polyolefin; and
a coating applied to the substrate, the coating comprising:
a seaweed-based composition comprising agar, alginate, carrageenan, semi-refined seaweed, and/or unprocessed seaweed;
an agent comprising glycerin, sorbitol, sodium lignosulphonate, potassium lignosulphonate, calcium lignosulphonate, ammonium lignosulphonate, lignosulphonate, ascorbic acid, citric acid, ethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyglyceride fatty acid esters, guar gum, tributyl citrate, erucamide, calcium carbonate, propylene glycol, natural colorants, and/or odor absorbers; and
water,
wherein the coating comprises 5-99 wt % of the coated substrate, and
wherein the substrate comprises a heat-sealable layer.
29. The coated substrate of claim 25 , wherein the coating comprises an oxygen barrier coating.