Antenna
An antenna is provided and includes a bottom plate for being connected with a mounting body and an antenna body on the bottom plate. The antenna body includes: a substrate fixedly connected to the bottom plate; a plane of the substrate intersects the bottom plate; a radiation element on the substrate; a feeding structure configured to transmit and/or receive radio frequency signals to/from the radiation element and including a signal electrode and a ground electrode on a surface of the substrate. The signal electrode is electrically connected to the radiation element. On a reference plane perpendicular to the bottom plate, an orthographic projection of the ground electrode is spaced apart from that of the radiation element, and is entirely located between the orthographic projection of the radiation element and the bottom plate. The antenna can prevent the ground electrode from reflecting the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiation element.
1. An antenna, comprising a bottom plate for being connected with a mounting body and an antenna body on the bottom plate;
wherein the antenna body comprises:
a substrate fixedly connected to the bottom plate; wherein a plane where the substrate is located intersects with the bottom plate;
a radiation element on the substrate; and
a feeding structure configured to transmit radio frequency signals to the radiation element and/or receive radio frequency signals from the radiation element and comprising a signal electrode and a ground electrode on a surface of the substrate;
wherein the signal electrode is electrically connected to the radiation element; and
on a reference plane perpendicular to the bottom plate, an orthographic projection of the ground electrode is spaced apart from an orthographic projection of the radiation element, and is entirely located between the orthographic projection of the radiation element and the bottom plate;
wherein the substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other;
the ground electrode comprises a first ground electrode and a second ground electrode;
the signal electrode, the first ground electrode and the second ground electrode are on the first surface; and
the first ground electrode and the second ground electrode are on both sides of the signal electrode, respectively, and are spaced from the signal electrode;
wherein the radiation element is a radiation patch on the first surface;
a first terminal of the signal electrode is electrically connected to the radiation patch;
a second terminal of the signal electrode extends to a position close to the bottom plate along a first direction; and
the radiation patch and the ground electrode are spaced from each other along the first direction; and
wherein the radiation patch comprises a first edge, a second edge, and a third edge on a side of the radiation patch close to the ground electrode and connected in sequence;
the signal electrode is electrically connected to the second edge;
the first ground electrode comprises a fourth edge facing toward the first edge in the first direction;
the second ground electrode comprises a fifth edge facing toward the third edge in the first direction;
wherein in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, a distance between the first edge and the fourth edge gradually increases along a direction away from the signal electrode, and
a distance between the third edge and the fifth edge gradually increases along a direction away from the signal electrode.
2. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the first edge and the fourth edge are both disposed obliquely in opposite directions with respect to the second direction; and/or
the third edge and the fifth edge are both disposed obliquely in opposite directions with respect to the second direction.
3. The antenna of claim 2 , wherein a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of an operating frequency band of the antenna is a reference wavelength;
a size of the radiation patch in the first direction is 0.41 to 0.45 times of the reference wavelength, and/or
a size of the radiation patch in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction is 0.55 to 0.6 times of the reference wavelength.
4. The antenna of claim 2 , wherein the radiation patch is divided into two parts by an extension line of a central line of the signal electrode, and the two parts are of bilateral symmetry with respect to the signal electrode;
and/or the first ground electrode and the second ground electrode are of bilateral symmetry with respect to the signal electrode.
5. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the first ground electrode further comprises a sixth edge facing toward the second edge in the first direction, and the sixth edge is parallel to the second edge; and/or
the second ground electrode further comprises a seventh edge facing toward the second edge in the first direction, and the seventh edge is parallel to the second edge.
6. The antenna of claim 5 , wherein a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of an operating frequency band of the antenna is a reference wavelength;
a size of the radiation patch in the first direction is 0.41 to 0.45 times of the reference wavelength, and/or
a size of the radiation patch in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction is 0.55 to 0.6 times of the reference wavelength.
7. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of an operating frequency band of the antenna is a reference wavelength;
a size of the first edge in the second direction is 0.14 to 0.16 times of the reference wavelength, and/or
a size of the third edge in the second direction is 0.14 to 0.16 times of the reference wavelength, and/or
a size of the fourth edge in the second direction is 0.25 to 0.27 times of the reference wavelength, and/or
a size of the fifth edge in the second direction is 0.25 to 0.27 times of the reference wavelength, and/or
a minimum distance between the first edge and the fourth edge is 0.014 to 0.015 times of the reference wavelength, and/or
a minimum distance between the third edge and the fifth edge is 0.014 to 0.015 times of the reference wavelength, and/or
a maximum distance between the first edge and the fourth edge is 0.27 to 0.3 times of the reference wavelength, and/or
a maximum distance between the third edge and the fifth edge is 0.27 to 0.3 times of the reference wavelength.
8. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of an operating frequency band of the antenna is a reference wavelength;
a size of the radiation patch in the first direction is 0.41 to 0.45 times of the reference wavelength, and/or
a size of the radiation patch in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction is 0.55 to 0.6 times of the reference wavelength.
9. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the radiation patch is divided into two parts by an extension line of a central line of the signal electrode, and the two parts are of bilateral symmetry with respect to the signal electrode;
and/or the first ground electrode and the second ground electrode are of bilateral symmetry with respect to the signal electrode.
10. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the antenna is an omnidirectional antenna; and/or
a polarization of the antenna is a vertical polarization.
11. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the plane where the substrate is located is perpendicular to the bottom plate; and
a surface of the substrate acts as the reference plane.
12. An antenna, comprising a bottom plate for being connected with a mounting body and an antenna body on the bottom plate;
wherein the antenna body comprises:
a substrate fixedly connected to the bottom plate; wherein a plane where the substrate is located intersects with the bottom plate;
a radiation element on the substrate; and
a feeding structure configured to transmit radio frequency signals to the radiation element and/or receive radio frequency signals from the radiation element and comprising a signal electrode and a ground electrode on a surface of the substrate;
wherein the signal electrode is electrically connected to the radiation element; and
on a reference plane perpendicular to the bottom plate, an orthographic projection of the ground electrode is spaced apart from an orthographic projection of the radiation element, and is entirely located between the orthographic projection of the radiation element and the bottom plate;
wherein the substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other;
the ground electrode comprises a first ground electrode and a second ground electrode;
the signal electrode, the first ground electrode and the second ground electrode are on the first surface; and
the first ground electrode and the second ground electrode are on both sides of the signal electrode, respectively, and are spaced from the signal electrode, wherein the radiation element is a radiation patch;
the substrate is transparent;
the antenna body further comprises a transparent conductive film;
the transparent conductive film comprises a metal conductive layer, a transparent substrate layer and a transparent adhesive layer sequentially stacked;
wherein the metal conductive layer is etched to form the radiation patch, the signal electrode, and the ground electrode in a mesh, so that the radiation patch, the signal electrode, and the ground electrode are all transparent; and
the transparent adhesive layer is used for adhering with the first surface and/or the second surface of the substrate.
13. The antenna of claim 12 , wherein a thickness of the metal conductive layer is in a range of 1 micron to 10 microns, and/or
a line width of the mesh formed by the metal conductive layer is in a range of 2 microns to 30 microns, and/or
a line spacing of the mesh formed by the metal conductive layer is in a range of 50 microns to 200 microns.
14. The antenna of claim 12 , further comprising a signal transmission structure, which penetrates from a side of the bottom plate close to the mounting body to a side of the bottom plate where the antenna body is disposed;
wherein the signal transmission structure comprises a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion insulated from each other;
the metal conductive layer is etched to remain a first solid metal portion and a second solid metal portion, which are electrically connected to the signal electrode and the ground electrode, respectively;
the first conductive portion electrically cooperates with the first solid metal portion to enable the signal electrode to transmit radio frequency signals; and
the second conductive portion electrically cooperates with the second solid metal portion to enable the ground electrode to be grounded.
15. The antenna of claim 12 , further comprising an outer cover and a fixing structure;
wherein the outer cover is covered above the bottom plate and is covered on outside of the antenna body; and
the fixing structure is used for connecting the antenna body with the bottom plate, and/or for connecting the outer cover with the bottom plate, and/or for connecting the bottom plate with the mounting body;
wherein the bottom plate, the outer cover and the fixing structure are all transparent.
16. The antenna of claim 15 , wherein the fixing structure comprises an antenna body positioning element and a fastener;
the antenna body positioning element comprises a first connection portion and a second connection portion with an angle therebetween;
the first connection portion is connected to the first surface and/or the second surface of the substrate through the fastener, and
the second connection portion is connected to the bottom plate through the fastener.