Integrated circuit comprising an adaptation and filtering network including a direct current power supply stage, and corresponding adaptation and filtering process
The integrated circuit includes a power amplifier, an antenna, and a matching and filtering network including a direct current power supply stage on an output node of the power amplifier, a first section, and a second section. The direct current power supply stage and the two sections include inductor-capacitor “LC” arrangements configured to have an impedance that is matched to the output of the power amplifier in the fundamental frequency band. The LC arrangements of the direct current power supply stage and of the first section are furthermore configured to have resonant frequencies that are respectively adapted to attenuate harmonic frequency bands of the fundamental frequency band.
1. An integrated circuit, comprising:
a power amplifier configured to provide a signal in a fundamental frequency band;
an antenna coupled to an output of the power amplifier; and
a matching and filtering network circuit coupled between the power amplifier and the antenna, the matching and filtering network circuit comprising:
a direct current power supply stage coupled between a supply voltage node and an output node of the power amplifier,
a first section coupled between the output node of the power amplifier and an intermediate node, and
a second section coupled between the intermediate node and an input node of the antenna, each of the direct current power supply stage, the first section, and the second section comprising inductor-capacitor (LC) arrangements configured to have an impedance matched to the output of the power amplifier at the fundamental frequency band, and the LC arrangements of the direct current power supply stage and of the first section configured to have resonant frequencies adapted to attenuate harmonic frequency bands of the fundamental frequency band,
wherein the series LC arrangement of the second section is configured to have a resonant frequency in the third harmonic frequency band.
2. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein LC arrangements of the second section comprises:
an LC arrangement configured to have a resonant frequency adapted to attenuate a harmonic frequency band of the fundamental frequency band; and
an inductive element or capacitive element configured to not introduce resonance positioned within a harmonic frequency band of the fundamental frequency band.
3. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the second section comprises:
a series LC arrangement coupled between the input node of the antenna and a ground node; and
an inductive element coupled between the intermediate node and the input node of the antenna, or
a parallel LC arrangement coupled between the output node of the power amplifier and the input node of the antenna and a capacitive element coupled between the intermediate node and the input node of the antenna.
4. The integrated circuit of claim 1 ,
wherein the first section comprises a series LC arrangement coupled between the output node of the power amplifier and a ground node,
wherein the second section comprises a series LC arrangement coupled between the input node of the antenna and the ground node, and
wherein the second section is configured to have a resonant frequency greater than the resonant frequency of the series LC arrangement of the first section.
5. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the direct current power supply stage comprises a low-pass T-shaped LC arrangement, and the first section comprises:
a parallel LC arrangement coupled between the output node of the power amplifier and the intermediate node; and
a series LC arrangement coupled between the intermediate node and a ground node.
6. The integrated circuit of claim 5 , wherein the parallel LC arrangement of the first section is configured to have the highest resonant frequency among the resonant frequencies of the LC arrangements adapted to attenuate the harmonic frequency bands of the fundamental frequency band.
7. The integrated circuit of claim 5 ,
wherein the low-pass T-shaped LC arrangement is configured to have a resonant frequency in one half of the second harmonic frequency band,
wherein the series LC arrangement of the first section is configured to have a resonant frequency in the other half of the second harmonic frequency band, and
wherein the parallel LC arrangement of the first section is configured to have a resonant frequency either between the fourth harmonic frequency band and the fifth harmonic frequency band, or in a common portion of the fourth harmonic frequency band and of the fifth harmonic frequency band.
8. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the second section is configured to have a resonant frequency greater than the resonant frequency of the series LC arrangement of the first section.
9. A method for impedance matching and filtering between an antenna and an output of a power amplifier providing a signal in a fundamental frequency band, the method comprising:
coupling a matching and filtering network between the power amplifier and the antenna, the matching and filtering network comprising:
a direct current power supply stage coupled between a supply voltage node and an output node of the power amplifier,
a first section coupled between the output node of the power amplifier and an intermediate node, and
a second section coupled between the intermediate node and an input node of the antenna, each of the direct current power supply stage, the first section, and the second section comprising inductor-capacitor (LC) arrangements, wherein the LC arrangements of the second section comprises an LC arrangement and one of an inductive element or a capacitive element;
determining the LC arrangements of each of the direct current power supply stage, the first section, and the second section to have an impedance matched to the output of the power amplifier at the fundamental frequency band;
determining the LC arrangements of the direct current power supply stage and of the first section to have resonant frequencies adapted to attenuate harmonic frequency bands of the fundamental frequency band;
determining the LC arrangements of the second section to have a resonant frequency adapted to attenuate a harmonic frequency band of the fundamental frequency band; and
determining the inductive element or capacitive element to not introduce resonance positioned within a harmonic frequency band of the fundamental frequency band.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the second section comprises:
a series LC arrangement coupled between the input node of the antenna and a ground node; and
an inductive element coupled between the intermediate node and the input node of the antenna, or
a parallel LC arrangement coupled between the output node of the power amplifier and the input node of the antenna and a capacitive element coupled between the intermediate node and the input node of the antenna.
11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:
determining the series LC arrangement of the second section to have a resonant frequency in the third harmonic frequency band.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the first section comprises a series LC arrangement coupled between the output node of the power amplifier and a ground node, wherein the second section comprises a series LC arrangement coupled between the input node of the antenna and the ground node, the method further comprising: determining the second section to have a resonant frequency greater than the resonant frequency of the series LC arrangement of the first section.
13. The method of claim 10 ,
wherein the direct current power supply stage comprises a low-pass T-shaped LC arrangement, and the first section comprises:
a parallel LC arrangement coupled between the output node of the power amplifier and the intermediate node; and
a series LC arrangement coupled between the intermediate node and a ground node, and
wherein the method further comprises:
determining the parallel LC arrangement of the first section to have the highest resonant frequency among the resonant frequencies of the LC arrangements adapted to attenuate the harmonic frequency bands of the fundamental frequency band.
14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
determining the low-pass T-shaped LC arrangement to have a resonant frequency in one half of the second harmonic frequency band;
determining the series LC arrangement of the first section to have a resonant frequency in the other half of the second harmonic frequency band; and
determining the parallel LC arrangement of the first section to have a resonant frequency either between the fourth harmonic frequency band and the fifth harmonic frequency band, or in a common portion of the fourth harmonic frequency band and of the fifth harmonic frequency band.
15. The method of claim 9 , further comprising determining the second section to have a resonant frequency greater than the resonant frequency of the series LC arrangement of the first section.
16. A matching and filtering network circuit, the matching and filtering network circuit coupled between an antenna and an output of a power amplifier configured to provide a signal in a fundamental frequency band; the matching and filtering network circuit comprising:
a direct current power supply stage coupled between a supply voltage node and an output node of the power amplifier,
a first section coupled between the output node of the power amplifier and an intermediate node, and
a second section coupled between the intermediate node and an input node of the antenna, each of the direct current power supply stage, the first section, and the second section comprising inductor-capacitor (LC) arrangements configured to have an impedance matched to the output of the power amplifier at the fundamental frequency band, and the LC arrangements of the direct current power supply stage and of the first section configured to have resonant frequencies adapted to attenuate harmonic frequency bands of the fundamental frequency band
wherein the second section is configured to have a resonant frequency greater than the resonant frequency of the series LC arrangement of the first section.
17. The matching and filtering network circuit of claim 16 , wherein LC arrangements of the second section comprises:
an LC arrangement configured to have a resonant frequency adapted to attenuate a harmonic frequency band of the fundamental frequency band; and
an inductive element or capacitive element configured to not introduce resonance positioned within a harmonic frequency band of the fundamental frequency band.
18. The matching and filtering network circuit of claim 16 , wherein the second section comprises:
a series LC arrangement coupled between the input node of the antenna and a ground node, the series LC arrangement configured to have a resonant frequency in the third harmonic frequency band; and
an inductive element coupled between the intermediate node and the input node of the antenna, or
a parallel LC arrangement coupled between the output node of the power amplifier and the input node of the antenna and a capacitive element coupled between the intermediate node and the input node of the antenna.
19. The matching and filtering network circuit of claim 16 , wherein the first section comprises a series LC arrangement coupled between the output node of the power amplifier and a ground node, and wherein the second section comprises a series LC arrangement coupled between the input node of the antenna and the ground node.
20. The matching and filtering network circuit of claim 16 , wherein the direct current power supply stage comprises a low-pass T-shaped LC arrangement, and the first section comprises:
a parallel LC arrangement coupled between the output node of the power amplifier and the intermediate node; and
a series LC arrangement coupled between the intermediate node and a ground node.