Methods and systems for reducing fronthaul bandwidth in a wireless communication system
The present disclosure relates to a pre-5 th -Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4 th -Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). The present disclosure provides methods and systems for reducing fronthaul bandwidth. Embodiments herein relate to the field of wireless networks and more particularly to reducing fronthaul bandwidth during a transfer of data between at least one radio node and at least one centralized node in a wireless network. A method disclosed herein includes determining parameters specific to at least one User Equipment (UE) using a machine learning method. The method further includes transferring data between the at least one radio node and the at least one centralized node over a fronthaul link by compressing the data using the parameters that are determined using the machine learning method. The method further includes decompressing, by at least one of the at least one radio node and the at least one centralized node, the compressed data using the parameters that are determined using the machine learning method.
1. A method performed by a first device in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:
receiving, from at least one second device, data;
performing a compression on the received data from the at least one second device based on at least one parameter; and
transmitting, to at least one third device over at least one fronthaul interface, the compressed received data,
wherein the at least one parameter for the compression is determined based on at least one weight assigned to at least one parameter related to at least one user equipment (UE), and
wherein the at least one weight is assigned to the at least one parameter related to the at least one UE based on a maintained history of the at least one parameter related to the at least one UE using a machine learning method.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the received data is for at least one of an uplink data transfer, and a downlink transfer.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first device is at least one radio node including at least one of a remote radio head (RRH), and a remote radio unit (RRU), the at least one second device is the at least one user equipment (UE), and the at least one third device is at least one centralized node including at least one of a base band unit (BBU), a virtualized radio access network (V-RAN) and a cloud-RAN (C-RAN).
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first device is at least one centralized node including at least one of a BBU, a V-RAN and a C-RAN, the at least one second device is a core network (CN), and the at least one third device is at least one radio node including at least one of a RRH, and a RRU.
5. The method of claim 1 ,
wherein the first device and the at least one third device are at least of an eNodeB (eNB), a relay eNB, a gNode (gNB), a relay gNodeB, the at least one second device is the at least one UE, and the at least one fronthaul interface is an X2 interface.
6. The method of claim 1 ,
wherein the at least one parameter is specific to the at least one UE,
wherein the at least one parameter includes at least one of a resource type of a bearer including at least one of a guaranteed bit rate (GBR) resource type and a non-GBR resource type, bearer quality of service (QoS) including at least one of instantaneous signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), average SINR, delay, and block error rate (BLER), resource allocation information including at least one of modulation and encoding scheme (MCS) and physical resource blocks (PRBs) information, channel QoS information, parameters derived based on probability density function (PDF) including at least one of positive maximum (max), positive minimum (min), negative max, and negative min of the received data, central moments of a UE distribution function including at least one of a mean, a median and a variance, delay tolerance requirements, QoS packet error rate (QoS-PER), a QoS class identifier (QCI), and a channel quality indicator (CQI).
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the at least one parameter is determined using machine learning.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the at least one parameter is determined by:
receiving the at least one parameter related to the at least one UE corresponding to each cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) from at least one radio node;
maintaining a history of the received at least one parameter related to the at least one UE;
receiving a scheduling request for the at least one parameter from the at least one radio node for transferring data of the at least one UE;
assigning at least one weight to the at least one parameter using the maintained history; and
determining the at least one parameter of the at least one UE and an associated value based on the at least one weight for performing compression and decompression of the received data.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein performing of the compression on the received data includes:
segregating the data received from the at least one second device, wherein the data includes in-phase-quadrature (IQ) samples;
normalizing the segregated IQ samples using the determined at least one parameter and the associated value;
performing a multiplication on the normalized segregated IQ samples using the determined at least one parameter and the associated value to compress the normalized segregated IQ samples; and
packing the compressed IQ samples by adding a header for the compressed IQ samples.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the received data is segregated based on resources allocated to the at least one UE.
11. The method of claim 9 , further comprising performing a multi-level compression based on the at least one parameter determined using machine learning, wherein the multi-level compression includes at least one of a loss-less compression, and a lossy compression.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the header is added using at least one of:
a first format including a max value of the IQ samples of the received data and a min value of the IQ samples of the received data that are derived based on a probability density function (PDF), wherein the first format is used in a presence of a direct fronthaul interface between the first device and the at least one third device;
a second format including the max value of the IQ samples of the received data, a sequence number, and a sector number, wherein the second format is used in a presence of at least one router between the first device and the at least one third device; and
a third format including at least one of the max value, the sequence number, an antenna number, the sector number, parameters determined for future use, a start physical resource block (PRB), a PRB length, a quality of service (QOS), the min value of the IQ samples, central moments of a UE distribution function, and a channel quality indicator (CQI), wherein the third format is used based on complexity of a wireless network.
13. The method of claim 1 , the method comprising:
receiving, from the at least one third device over the at least one fronthaul interface, compressed data;
performing a decompression on the compressed data received from the at least one third device based on the determined at least one parameter; and
transmitting, to the at least one second device, the decompressed data.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein performing of the decompression includes:
unpacking the received compressed data including IQ samples by removing the header; and
performing multiplication on the IQ samples using the determined at least one parameter and the associated value; and
normalizing the IQ samples using the determined at least one parameter and the associated value after performing the multiplication to obtain the data.
15. A first device in a wireless communication system, comprising:
a transceiver;
a controller coupled with the transceiver and configured to:
receive, from at least one second device, data;
perform a compression on the received data from the at least one second device based on at least one parameter; and
transmit, to at least one third device over at least one fronthaul interface, the compressed received data,
wherein the at least one parameter for the compression is determined based on at least one weight assigned to at least one parameter related to at least one user equipment (UE), and
wherein the at least one weight is assigned to the at least one parameter related to the at least one UE based on a maintained history of the at least one parameter related to the at least one UE using a machine learning method.