IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,314,786
Granted Patent B2
US 12,314,786 · App. 17/509,951 · Granted May 27, 2025

Methods and apparatus for memory allocation and reallocation in networking stack infrastructures

Inventors: Cahya Adiansyah Masputra (Cupertino, CA); Delziel Jude Fernandes (Cupertino, CA); Darrin Jewell (Woodside, CA); Sandeep Nair (San Jose, CA); Wei Francis Shen (Cupertino, CA)
Assignee: Apple Inc.
G06F9/545G06F9/5016G06F9/544G06F12/023G06F12/10H04L12/4641H04L49/9052H04L61/103G06F2212/657
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,314,786
App. No.
17/509,951
Granted
May 27, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

Methods and apparatus for memory allocation and reallocation in networking stack infrastructures. Unlike prior art monolithic networking stacks, the exemplary networking stack architecture described hereinafter includes various components that span multiple domains (both in-kernel, and non-kernel). For example, unlike traditional “socket” based communication, disclosed embodiments can transfer data directly between the kernel and user space domains. A user space networking stack is disclosed that enables extensible, cross-platform-capable, user space control of the networking protocol stack functionality. The user space networking stack facilitates tighter integration between the protocol layers (including TLS) and the application or daemon. Exemplary systems can support multiple networking protocol stack instances (including an in-kernel traditional network stack). Due to this disclosed architecture, physical memory allocations (and deallocations) may be more flexibly implemented.

Claims (37)

1. A method for managing memory space, the method comprising:

requesting, by a non-kernel space application, a channel schema to open a channel for the non-kernel space application, wherein the channel schema represents a memory sharing agreement between a kernel space and a user space to create a shared memory area pre-divided into a plurality of data structures, and wherein the channel schema is selected from one of a plurality of different pre-designated channel schemas; and

configuring the plurality of data structures in accordance with application requirements for the non-kernel space application, comprising configuring a transmission buffer and a receive buffer.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of data structures further includes an allocation buffer or a free buffer.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

establishing, by a flow switch apparatus, the channel between two entities that includes the non-kernel space application.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-kernel space application includes a user space application in the user space or a driver application in the kernel space.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the configuring the plurality of data structures comprises:

assigning the transmission buffer having a first buffer size; and

assigning the receive buffer having a second buffer size.

6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising:

receiving a request for a different size for one or both of the first buffer size and the second buffer size.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the receiving the request for the different size for one or both of the first buffer size and the second buffer size comprises increasing a data throughput for one or both of the transmission buffer and the receive buffer.

8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the receiving the request for the different size for one or both of the first buffer size and the second buffer size comprises decreasing an amount of latency for one or both of the transmission buffer and the receive buffer.

9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

mirroring the plurality of data structures between a user-accessible region of the memory space and a kernel-only accessible region of the memory space; and

applying a common offset from a base address within the user-accessible region and the kernel-only accessible region for a metadata user object and a metadata kernel object associated with the metadata user object.

10. A computing system, comprising:

one or more processors;

a flow switch operated by the one or more processors;

a non-kernel space application operated by the one or more processors; and

physical memory coupled to the one or more processors for use by the non-kernel space application and the flow switch, wherein the non-kernel space application and the flow switch are configured to:

request, by the non-kernel space application, a channel schema to open a channel for the non-kernel space application, wherein the channel schema represents a memory sharing agreement between a kernel space and a user space to create a shared memory area of the physical memory, and wherein the shared memory area is divided into a plurality of data structures, and wherein the channel schema is selected from one of a plurality of different pre-designated channel schemas; and

configure, by the flow switch, the plurality of data structures in accordance with application requirements for the non-kernel space application, wherein the plurality of data structures includes a transmission buffer and a receive buffer.

11. The computing system of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of data structures further includes an allocation buffer or a free buffer.

12. The computing system of claim 10 , wherein the flow switch is further configured to establish the channel between two entities that includes the non-kernel space application.

13. The computing system of claim 10 , wherein the non-kernel space application includes a user space application in the user space or a driver application in the kernel space.

14. The computing system of claim 10 , wherein the channel schema further includes optimized flow advisor settings and operating statistics for the non-kernel space application.

15. The computing system of claim 10 , wherein to configure the plurality of data structures, the flow switch is further configured to:

assign the transmission buffer having a first buffer size; and

assign the receive buffer having a second buffer size.

16. One or more non-transitory, computer-readable media comprising instructions that, when executed, cause a computing device to perform operations, the operations including:

requesting, by a non-kernel space application, a channel schema to open a channel for the non-kernel space application, wherein the channel schema represents a memory sharing agreement between a kernel space and a user space to create a shared memory area pre-divided into a plurality of data structures, and wherein the channel schema is selected from one of a plurality of different pre-designated channel schemas; and

configuring the plurality of data structures in accordance with application requirements for the non-kernel space application, wherein the configuring the plurality of data structures includes configuring a transmission buffer and a receive buffer.

17. The one or more non-transitory, computer-readable media of claim 16 , wherein the configuring the plurality of data structures further includes configuring an allocation buffer or a free buffer.

18. The one or more non-transitory, computer-readable media of claim 16 , wherein the non-kernel space application includes a user space application in the user space or a driver application in the kernel space.

19. The one or more non-transitory, computer-readable media of claim 16 , wherein the channel schema further includes optimized flow advisor settings and operating statistics for the non-kernel space application.

Continuity (3)
Division 16368338 · Mar 28, 2019
Provisional Application 62649509 · Mar 28, 2018
Related Publication 20220046117A1 · Feb 10, 2022
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