Method for monitoring a tube sheet of a heat exchanger
Shell-and-tube devices typically require regular maintenance. Described herein is an automated method for tracking the status of individual tubes during maintenance activities and recording status data for review and analysis. Status data may optionally be reported in real-time summary format and/or used to predict time-to-completion. The method minimizes omission errors and helps to reduce the expense of performing maintenance activities in shell-and-tube devices, including shell-and-tube reactors and heat exchangers.
1. A method for monitoring a status of a shell and tube device during a particulate catalyst loading activity, the shell and tube device comprising a tube sheet comprising a plurality of tube ends arranged in a fixed pattern of rows (R) and columns (C), said method comprising the steps of:
a) placing a plurality of plugging plates on said tube sheet such that all of the plurality of tube ends are covered, each of the plurality of plugging plates comprising a disk recess for installing a colored indicator disk,
b) assigning a unique identifier to each of said plurality of plugging plates,
c) installing a plurality of colored indicator disks in the disk recesses, said plurality of colored indicator disks including at least one disk having a first color and at least one disk having a second color that is different than the first color,
d) positioning at least one digital camera such that at least a portion of the plurality of plugging plates lie within a field of view of the at least one digital camera,
e) acquiring an initial digital image (Di) of at least the portion of the plurality of plugging plates at an initial acquisition time (Ti),
f) determining an initial color of each of the plurality of colored indicator disks within said initial digital image (Di), and
g) creating an initial data record in a relational database for each of the plurality of plugging plates within said initial digital image (Di), said data record including:
i. the initial acquisition time (Ti),
ii. the unique identifier for the plugging plate, and
iii. the initial color for the colored disk at the initial acquisition time (Ti).
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the unique identifier assigned to each of said plurality of tube ends is a set of Cartesian coordinates of the form (row, column).
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein steps e) through g) are performed multiple times.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising illuminating the tube sheet with at least one light source that emits wavelengths of light within a visible light spectrum, an infrared spectrum, or an ultraviolet UV spectrum.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one digital camera detects wavelengths of light selected from one or more of the visible light spectrum, the infrared spectrum, or the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said tube sheet forms part of a heat exchanger, and said heat exchanger is one of a condenser, reboiler, preheater, boiler, superheater, quench exchanger, Transfer Line Exchanger (TLE), evaporator, waste heat boiler, recuperator, cross-exchanger and process heater.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said tube sheet forms part of a reaction system for producing either Hydrogen Cyanide or Nitrogen Oxides.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said tube sheet forms part of a nuclear power reactor.
9. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of using at least a portion of the data recorded in the relational database to produce one or more of tables, graphs, spreadsheets, and color-coded summary graphics.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said shell and tube device is utilized to perform a chemical conversion, said chemical conversion selected from the group consisting of:
i. conversion of propylene to acrolein and/or acrylic acid;
ii. conversion of propane to acrolein and/or acrylic acid;
iii. conversion of glycerol to acrolein and/or acrylic acid;
iv. conversion of tert-butanol, isobutene, isobutane, isobutyraldehyde, isobutyric acid, or methyl tert-butyl ether to methacrolein and/or methacrylic acid;
V. conversion of acrolein to acrylic acid;
vi. conversion of methacrolein to methacrylic acid;
vii. conversion of o-xylene or naphthalene to phthalic anhydride;
viii. conversion of butadiene to maleic anhydride;
ix. conversion of n-butane to maleic anhydride;
X. conversion of indanes to anthraquinone;
xi. conversion of ethylene to ethylene oxide; and
xii. conversion of propylene to propylene oxide.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said shell and tube device is utilized to perform the oxychlorination of ethylene to 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC).
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of using one or more data records stored in the relational database to produce one or more of tables, graphs, spreadsheets, and color-coded summary graphics.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of producing performance metrics for the maintenance activity, wherein the producing step comprises calculating and displaying the performance metrics in a table, graph, spreadsheet, or color-coded summary graphic.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising predicting time-to-completion of the maintenance activity.
15. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
h) installing and/or removing a colored indicator disk on the one or more disk recesses,
i) acquiring a later digital image (Dx) of at least a portion of the plurality of plugging plates at a later acquisition time (Tx), wherein Tx>Ti,
j) determining the later color of each of the colored indicator disks within said later digital image (Dx),
k) creating a later data record in the relational database for each plugging plate within said later digital image (Dx), said later data record including:
i. the later acquisition time (Tx),
ii. the unique identifier for the plugging plate, and
iii. the later color for the colored indicator disk at later acquisition time (Tx), and
l. Repeating steps h) through k) until said catalyst loading activity is complete.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein said shell-and-tube device is a shell-and-tube reactor, a tandem reactor, a single tube reactor, or a single-shell open interstage (SSOI) reactor.
17. The method of claim 15 , further comprising producing one or more of tables, graphs, spreadsheets, and color-coded summary graphics using one or more of the data records stored in the relational database.
18. The method of claim 15 , further comprising predicting a time-to-completion for the catalyst loading activity.
19. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:
measuring one or more workspace parameters,
recording workspace parameter measurements in the relational database, and
optionally, presenting said workspace parameter measurements on a visual display.