IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,358,819
Granted Patent B2
US 12,358,819 · App. 18/460,056 · Granted Jul 15, 2025

Liquid bio-catalytic composition

Inventors: Parker Dale (Newport Beach, CA); Parker David Dale (Newport Beach, CA)
Assignee: Neozyme International, Inc.
C02F3/347A01N63/32C02F3/02C02F3/28C02F11/04C12N1/16C12N1/18C12P5/023A01N37/44C02F3/282C02F3/342C02F2101/32C02F2103/007C02F2301/106C02F2303/02C02F2303/10C02F2305/04C12N2500/74Y02E50/30Y02W10/10Y02W10/30
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,358,819
App. No.
18/460,056
Granted
Jul 15, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

The present invention provides a process for the treatment of sewage sludge with enzymes, which process comprises treating a sewage sludge resulting from the treatment of municipal or industrial waste water with a composition comprising a fermentation supernatant product from a Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture and a non-ionic surfactant, wherein said fermentation supernatant product is free of active enzymes, at conditions suitable for generating said active enzymes from said sewage sludge in situ.

Claims (24)

1. A liquid bio-catalytic composition comprising:

a fermentation supernatant isolated from a yeast culture, the fermentation supernatant comprising bio-nutrients, minerals and amino acids and treated to destroy active enzymes, the fermented yeast supernatant produced from a yeast culture containing yeast belonging to the genus Saccharomyces , and

about 1% to about 15% by weight one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants,

wherein the liquid bio-catalytic composition lacks any active enzymes or bacteria, and

wherein the liquid bio-catalytic composition has a pH of about 3.5 to about 4.0.

2. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 1 , comprising from about 5% to about 35% by weight of the fermented yeast supernatant.

3. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 1 , comprising from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of the fermented yeast supernatant.

4. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants comprises an alcohol ethoxylate, an alkylphenol ethoxylate, a fatty acid ethoxylate, a fatty alcohol ethoxylate, a fatty amine ethoxylate, a monoalkaolamide ethoxylate, a sorbitan ester ethoxylate, an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer, or any combination thereof.

5. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants comprises at least one alcohol ethoxylate comprising one or more aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates or one or more secondary alcohol ethoxylates.

6. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants comprise a general formula of H(OCH 2 CH 2 ) x OC 6 H 4 R 1 , H(OCH 2 CH 2 ) x OR 2 , or H(OCH 2 CH 2 ) x OC(O) R 2 , wherein x represents the number of moles of ethylene oxide added to an alcohol, an alkylphenol, a fatty acid, a fatty alcohol, a fatty amine, or an monoalkaolamide; R 1 represents a long chain alkyl group, and R 2 represents a long chain aliphatic group.

7. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 6 , wherein the long chain alkyl group is a C 7 -C 10 normal-alkyl group and/or wherein the long chain aliphatic group is a C 12 -C 20 aliphatic group.

8. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants is a decyl alcohol ethoxylate, a dodecyl alcohol ethoxylate, a tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate, a nonylphenol ethoxylate, an octylphenol ethoxylate, a ceto-oleyl alcohol ethoxylate, a ceto-stearyl alcohol ethoxylate, or any combination thereof.

9. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 1 , comprising from about 5% to about 13% by weight of the one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants.

10. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 9 , comprising from about 7% to about 11% by weight of the one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants.

11. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 1 , wherein the pH is at most 4.5.

12. The liquid composition according to claim 1 , wherein the yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

13. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 1 , wherein the treated, fermented yeast supernatant is a treated, fermented Saccharomyces cerevisiae supernatant and the liquid bio-catalytic composition comprises about 5% to about 13% by weight of the one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants, the one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants comprising one or more alcohol ethoxylates, one or more alkylphenol ethoxylates, one or more fatty acid ethoxylates, one or more fatty alcohol ethoxylates, or any combination thereof.

14. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 13 , comprising from about 7% to about 11% by weight of the one or more nonionic surfactants.

15. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 13 , wherein the one or more alcohol ethoxylate comprise one or more secondary alcohol ethoxylates.

16. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 13 , wherein the one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants comprise a decyl alcohol ethoxylate, a dodecyl alcohol ethoxylate, a tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate, a nonylphenol ethoxylate, an octylphenol ethoxylate, a ceto-oleyl alcohol ethoxylate, a ceto-stearyl alcohol ethoxylate, or any combination thereof.

17. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 1 , wherein the treated, fermented yeast supernatant is a treated, fermented Saccharomyces cerevisiae supernatant and the liquid bio-catalytic composition comprises about 5% to about 13% by weight of the one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants, the one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants comprising one or more secondary alcohol ethoxylates.

18. The liquid bio-catalytic composition according to claim 1 , wherein the treated, fermented yeast supernatant is a treated, fermented Saccharomyces cerevisiae supernatant and the liquid bio-catalytic composition comprises about 5% to about 13% by weight of the one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants, the one or more ethoxylated nonionic surfactants comprising a decyl alcohol ethoxylate, a dodecyl alcohol ethoxylate, a tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate, a nonylphenol ethoxylate, an octylphenol ethoxylate, a ceto-oleyl alcohol ethoxylate, a ceto-stearyl alcohol ethoxylate, or any combination thereof.

19. A method for biologically treating an organic material, the method comprising the step of adding a liquid bio-catalytic composition as defined by claim 1 to the organic material.

20. A method for treating a contaminated water, the method comprising the step of adding a liquid bio-catalytic composition as defined by claim 1 to the contaminated water.

Assignments (1)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Sep 1, 2023
From: DALE, PARKER; DALE, PARKER DAVID
To: NEOZYME INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Reel/Frame 064777/0526 →
Continuity (5)
Continuation 16729243 · Dec 27, 2019
Continuation 15444093 · Feb 27, 2017
Division 14404917
Provisional Application 61689077 · May 29, 2012
Related Publication 20230416127A1 · Dec 28, 2023
References Cited (201)
US 3635797A · Battistoni et al. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 4052858A · Jeppson et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4459213A · Uchida · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4541986A · Schwab et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4666606A · Heinicke · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4758353A · Spence et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4804478A · Tamir · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 5071765A · Wiatr · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5075008A · Chigusa et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5139945A · Liu · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5179003A · Wolf et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5227067A · Runyon · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5284844A · Lorenz et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5308449A · Fuentes et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5326477A · Fugua et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5369031A · Middleditch et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5407577A · Nghiem · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5462868A · Britt et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5500306A · Hsu et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5616479A · Marchal et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5654192A · Ducreux et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5736209A · Andersen et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5807464A · Jobbins et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5820758A · Dale et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5849566A · Dale et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5866376A · Rocha et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5879913A · Marchal et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5879928A · Dale et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5885590A · Hunter et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5885950A · Dale et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5942552A · Cox · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6001218A · Hsu et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6699391B2 · Baldridge et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6783679B1 · Rozich · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6841572B2 · Horst et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6884351B1 · Lytal · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 7165561B2 · Baldridge et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7476529B2 · Podella et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7645730B2 · Baldridge et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7658848B2 · Baldridge et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7659237B2 · Baldridge et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7759301B2 · Baldridge et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7922906B2 · Baldridge et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8080186B1 · Pennartz · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8188028B2 · Baldridge et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8389459B2 · Baldridge et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8735338B2 · Baldridge et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8778646B1 · Chapman et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8821646B1 · Miller · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8835152B2 · Podella · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8871682B2 · Michalow et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8871698B2 · Podella et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8894861B2 · Podella et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 9051535B2 · Goldfeld et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9617178B2 · Dale et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9713631B2 · Berkes et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 10334856B2 · Dale et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10961275B2 · Bralkowski et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20020187220A1 · Luhadiya · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030121868A1 · Barak · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030178162A1 · Raghukumar et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040180411A1 · Podella et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050118106A1 · Schaefer · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050164355A1 · Masenko et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050171275A1 · De Jong et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050266036A1 · Awada et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060151387A1 · Yost et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060205042A1 · Aehle et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20070029264A1 · Bowe · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070224249A1 · Kelly et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070256987A1 · Singleton · 2007 [cited by examiner]
US 20070257127A1 · Iverson · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20080138327A1 · Kelly · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080293813A1 · Agvald et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20090152196A1 · Podella · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090186761A1 · Arbogast et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100078307A1 · Dale et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100273495A1 · Onggosanusi et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20110052514A1 · Justin et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120100236A1 · Asolkar et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120172219A1 · Podella et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20130104264A1 · Schoonneveld-Bergmans et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130195826A1 · Alessandri et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130281328A1 · Podella et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130295204A1 · Silberstein · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130313465A1 · Podella et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130344554A1 · Bleyer et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20140056853A1 · Marrone et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140128256A1 · Asolkar et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140248373A1 · Michalow et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140290970A1 · Izumida et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150045220A1 · Michalow et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150072917A1 · Baldridge et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150141311A1 · Podella et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150191748A1 · Dale et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150267151A1 · Goldfeld et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160038779A1 · Bowen et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160100587A1 · Dywaler-Ekegard et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160298056A1 · Baldridge et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160353746A1 · Dale et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160362834A1 · Dale et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170056455A1 · Berkes et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170156343A1 · Michalow et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180170968A1 · Bralkowski et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20190021366A1 · McNeff et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190307130A1 · Dale et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CA 1124459A · 1982 [cited by applicant]
CN 1188679A · 1998 [cited by applicant]
CN 101557249A · 2009 [cited by applicant]
CN 101951686A · 2011 [cited by applicant]
CN 104452385A · 2015 [cited by applicant]
CN 109706093A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
EP 375615A2 · 1990 [cited by applicant]
EP 1721966A1 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
FR 2223453A · 1974 [cited by applicant]
KR 20100088758A1 · 2010 [cited by applicant]
WO 1992011381A1 · 1992 [cited by applicant]
WO 1994012718A · 1994 [cited by applicant]
WO 1996000811A1 · 1996 [cited by applicant]
WO 1997016381A1 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
WO 1997028092A1 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
WO 1998005212A1 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO 1998023813A1 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO 2000024879A1 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
WO 2001079450A1 · 2001 [cited by applicant]
WO 2002026041A2 · 2002 [cited by applicant]
WO 2003031536A1 · 2003 [cited by applicant]
WO 2003037066A2 · 2003 [cited by applicant]
WO 2005019527A1 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO 2005054475A1 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO 2005067531A2 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO 2005069849A2 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO 2006119052A2 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
WO 2008111613A1 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO 2010115021A2 · 2010 [cited by applicant]
WO 2010148535A1 · 2010 [cited by applicant]
WO 2011016008A1 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
WO 2012040908A1 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
WO 2012051328A2 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
WO 2013180756A1 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO 2017035099A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO 2017035100A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO 2017035101A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO 2003035972A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
Popa, P et al. Study of physico-chemical characteristics of wastewater in an urban agglomeration in Romania. The Scientific World Journal. 2012. Article ID 549028. 10 pages. (Year: 2012). [cited by examiner]
Chaichi, et al., Surfactant Application on Yield and Irrigation Water Use Efficiency in Corn under Limited Irrigation, Crop Sci. 55(1): 386 (2015). [cited by applicant]
Desai, et al., Microbial Production of Surfactants and Their Commercial Potential, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 61(1): 47-64 (1997). [cited by applicant]
Frolund, et al., Enzymatic Activity in the Activated-Sludge Floc Matrix, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 43(3): 755-561 (1995). Abstract Only. [cited by applicant]
Goel, et al., Enzyme Activities under Anaerobic and Aerobic Conditions in Activated Sludge Sequencing Batch Reactor, Water Research 32(7): 2081-2088 (1998). [cited by applicant]
Ito, et al., Sophorolipids from Torulopsis bombicola: Possible Relation to Alkane Update, Appl. Environ, Micobiol. 43(6): 1278-1283 (1982). [cited by applicant]
Kastner, et al., Formation of Bound Residues during Microbial Degradation of [14C]Anthracene in Soil, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65(5): 1834-1842 (1999). [cited by applicant]
Sensient Flavors LLC, Tastone 154, Technical Information (2010). [cited by applicant]
Sukumaran, et al., Microbial Celluloses—Production, Applications, and Challenges, J. Sci. Indus. Res. 64: 832-844 (2005). [cited by applicant]
Witek-Krowiak, et al., Ultrafiltrative Separation of Rhamnolipid from Culture Medium, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 27: 1961-1964 (2011). [cited by applicant]
Xu, et al., Research Review of Wastewater Treatment Technology with Hydrolytic Enzymes, J. Chongqing Univ. Sci. Technol. 12(6): 156-161 (2010). [cited by applicant]
Xu, et al., Biosurfactants for Microbubble Preparation and Application, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 12: 462-475 (2011). [cited by applicant]
EPO, Extended Search Report for European Patent Application Serial No. EP13796699.0, pp. 12 (Jul. 12, 2016). [cited by applicant]
EPO, Extended Search Report for European Patent Application Serial No. EP16839956.6, pp. 12 (Jan. 14, 2019). [cited by applicant]
EPO, Extended Search Report for European Patent Application Serial No. EP19160826.4, pp. 5 (Apr. 3, 2019). [cited by applicant]
EPO, Extended Search Report for European Patent Application Serial No. EP16839957.4, pp. 11 (Apr. 17, 2019). [cited by applicant]
EPO, Extended Search Report for European Patent Application Serial No. EP16839958.2, pp. 12 (Sep. 30, 2019). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form ISA210, International Search Report for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/000140, pp. 2 (Jul. 22, 2013). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form ISA237, Written Opinion for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/000140, pp. 11 (Jul. 22, 2013). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form IB373, International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/000140, pp. 12 (Dec. 2, 2014). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form ISA210, International Search Report for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2016/048092, pp. 10 (Nov. 15, 2016). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form ISA237, Written Opinion for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2016/048092. pp. 5 (Nov. 15, 2016). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form IB373, International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2016/048092, pp. 6 (Mar. 8, 2018). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form ISA210, International Search Report for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2016/048093, pp. 8 (Oct. 24, 2016). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form ISA237, Written Opinion for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2016/0048093, pp. 4 (Oct. 24, 2016). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form IB373, International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2016/048093, p. 5 (Mar. 8, 2018). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form ISA210, International Search Report for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2016/048094, pp. 7 (Nov. 4, 2016). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form ISA237, Written Opinion for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2016/048094, pp. 4 (Nov. 4, 2016). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form IB373, International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2016/048094, pp. 5 (Mar. 8, 2018). [cited by applicant]
Haruhiko, Recent Yeast Taxonomy, J. Brewing Society of Japan, 80(8): 519-529 (1985). [cited by applicant]
Hirata, et al., Novel Characteristics of Sophorolipids, Yeast Glycolipid Biosurfactants, as Biodegradable Low-Foaming Surfactants, J. Biosci. Bioengin. 108(2): 142-146 (2009). [cited by applicant]
Luft, et al., Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Oil Sequestration Properties of a Nonionic Rhamnolipid, J. Phy. Chem. B 122: 3944-3952 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Tucker, et al., Surfactant/Biosurfactant Mixing: Adsorption of Saponin/Nonionic Surfactant Mixtures at the Air-Water Interface, J. Colloid Interface Sci. (2020), 574: 385-392. [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form ISA210, International Search Report for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2021/029238, pp. 3 (Jul. 21, 2021). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form ISA237, Written Opinion for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2021/029238, pp. 7 (Jul. 21, 2021). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form IB373, International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2021/029238, pp. 9 (Nov. 10, 2022). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form ISA210, International Search Report for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2021/029240, pp. 4 (Jul. 21, 2021). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form ISA237, Written Opinion for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2021/029240, pp. 8 (Jul. 21, 2021). [cited by applicant]
WIPO, PCT Form IB373, International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2021/029240, pp. 10 (Nov. 10, 2022). [cited by applicant]
JPO, Office Action for Japanese Patent Application Serial No. 2018-528937, pp. 2 (Jul. 13, 2021). [cited by applicant]
JPO, Office Action for Japanese Patent Application Serial No. 2018-528938, pp. 4 (Aug. 17, 2021). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 14/404,917, filed May 24, 2013, US 2015/0191748, U.S. Pat. No. 9,617,178. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 15/444,093, filed Feb. 27, 2017, US 2017/0166467, U.S. Pat. No. 10,683,222. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 16/729,243, filed Dec. 27, 2019, US 2020/0140304, U.S. Pat. No. 11,772,996. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 15/243,957, filed Aug. 22, 2016, US 2016/0360758, U.S. Pat. No. 10,334,856. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 15/243,958, filed Aug. 22, 2016, US 2016/0362834, U.S. Pat. No. 10,557,234. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 15/243,961, filed Aug. 22, 2016,US 2016/0353746, U.S. Pat. No. 10,681,914. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 16/446,583, filed Jun. 19, 2019, US 2019/0307130, U.S. Pat. No. 11,116,224. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 16/729,236, filed Dec. 27, 2019, US 2020/0131701, U.S. Pat. No. 11,773,535. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 16/729,240, filed Dec. 27, 2019, US 2020/0138037, U.S. Pat. No. 11,771,091. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/240,919, filed Apr. 26, 2021, US 2021/0329913, U.S. Pat. No. 12,010,992. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/240,925, filed Apr. 26, 2021, US 2021/0331017. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/446,961, filed Sep. 4, 2021, US 2021/0392903, U.S. Pat. No. 11,930,823. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/460,092, filed Sep. 1, 2023, US 2024/0003084. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/460,129, filed Sep. 1, 2023, US 2023/0404083. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/597,734, filed Mar. 6, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/745,572, filed Jun. 17, 2024. [cited by applicant]