Poultry farm practices
The present invention relates to methods of improving the environment within a poultry farming facility including reducing ammonia production in a poultry facility, inhibiting urease enzymes in poultry litter, reducing levels of pathogenic bacteria in poultry litter, improving productivity of poultry farms, reducing or preventing pododermatitis in poultry reared in mass production poultry facilities and controlling pests in poultry litter. Compositions, suitable for use in such methods, comprising at least one microorganism of the genus Bacillus and at least one biosurfactant wherein the biosurfactant is present in an amount of 2 mg/L to 7000 mg/L are also described.
1. A method for preparing a composition comprising endospores of Bacillus subtilis and at least one biosurfactant, the method comprising:
a) culturing Bacillus subtilis RSA-203 (ATCC Accession No. PTA-13451) in a culture broth so as to encourage formation of a foamate enriched with the at least one biosurfactant;
b) collecting and condensing the foamate from the culture broth to form a collected and condensed foamate;
c) causing a culture comprising Bacillus subtilis to undergo endospore formation to produce a culture broth comprising the endospores of Bacillus subtilis ; and
d) combining the culture broth comprising the endospores with
(i) an amount of the collected and condensed foamate comprising the at least one biosurfactant; and
(ii) at least one anionic, cationic, non-ionic or zwitterionic surfactant, other than the at least one biosurfactant present in the foamate;
thereby forming the composition;
wherein the at least one biosurfactant in the composition is present in an amount of 2 mg/L to 7000 mg/L; and
wherein the amount of the at least one biosurfactant in the composition is higher than in the culture broth comprising endospores.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the Bacillus subtilis in the composition is present in an amount of 1×10 4 cfu/mL to 1×10 13 cfu/mL.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one biosurfactant is selected from surfactin, lichenysin, fengycin, iturin and mixtures thereof.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the at least one biosurfactant is selected from surfactin, lichenysin and mixtures thereof.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the at least one biosurfactant is surfactin.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one biosurfactant is present in an amount of 50 to 7000 mg/L.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surfactant has a hydrophilic lipophilic balance of 12 or greater.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid surfactant.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the surfactant has a hydrophilic lipophilic balance of 12 to 14.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the endospores of Bacillus subtilis comprise endospores of a microorganism other than Bacillus subtilis RSA-203.