Flexible anvil for a plunger lift system
Implementations of the present disclosure include a wellbore assembly that includes a wellhead assembly and a plunger. The wellhead assembly is coupled to a wellbore string disposed within a wellbore. The wellhead assembly includes a lubricator, a spring, and a flexible damper. The lubricator defines a tubular housing. The spring is disposed at least partially within and attached to the tubular housing. The spring comprises a first end attached to the tubular housing. The flexible damper is coupled to a second end of the spring opposite the first end. The plunger strikes, as the plunger is lifted from a downhole location of the wellbore to the terranean surface, the flexible damper. The flexible damper deforms, upon impact with the plunger, to dissipate some or all of the kinetic energy of the plunger.
1. A wellbore assembly, comprising:
a wellhead assembly configured to be coupled to a wellbore string disposed within a wellbore, the wellhead assembly configured to reside at a terranean surface of the wellbore, the wellhead assembly comprising:
a lubricator defining a tubular housing,
a spring disposed at least partially within and attached to the tubular housing, the spring comprising a first end attached to the tubular housing, and
a flexible damper coupled to a second end of the spring opposite the first end; and
a plunger configured to strike, as the plunger is lifted from a downhole location of the wellbore to the terranean surface, the flexible damper, the flexible damper configured deform, upon impact with the plunger, to dissipate some or all of the kinetic energy of the plunger;
wherein the flexible damper comprises at least one of (i) a flexible tube comprising bellows that allows the flexible tube to be compressed upon impact, or (ii) a non-metallic housing defining an inner volume configured to house a hydraulic fluid.
2. The wellbore assembly of claim 1 , wherein the tube comprises a non-metallic, hollow tube.
3. The wellbore assembly of claim 1 , wherein the tube is filled with hydraulic fluid.
4. The wellbore assembly of claim 1 , wherein the flexible damper comprises a rigid impact surface and a guide rod, with the flexible tube attached to and disposed between the guide rod and the impact surface.
5. The wellbore assembly of claim 1 , wherein the non-metallic housing comprises a rubber bag filled with hydraulic fluid.
6. The wellbore assembly of claim 1 , wherein the lubricator comprises an inwardly projecting shoulder that retains, with the spring in an extended position, an end of the flexible damper, preventing the flexible damper from extending downhole of the inwardly projecting shoulder.
7. The wellbore assembly of claim 1 , wherein the flexible damper comprises a passive flexible damper.
8. A wellbore assembly, comprising:
a wellhead assembly configured to be coupled to a wellbore string disposed within a wellbore, the wellhead assembly configured to reside at a terranean surface of the wellbore, the wellhead assembly comprising:
a lubricator defining a tubular housing,
a spring disposed at least partially within and attached to the tubular housing, the spring comprising a first end attached to the tubular housing, and
a flexible damper coupled to a second end of the spring opposite the first end; and
a plunger configured to strike, as the plunger is lifted from a downhole location of the wellbore to the terranean surface, the flexible damper, the flexible damper configured deform, upon impact with the plunger, to dissipate some or all of the kinetic energy of the plunger;
wherein the flexible damper comprises a non-metallic housing defining an inner volume configured to house a hydraulic fluid, the non-metallic housing comprises a rubber bag filled with hydraulic fluid, and wherein the tubular housing comprises a widened portion configured to accommodate the rubber bag as the rubber bag expands radially upon impact.
9. An anvil, comprising:
a rigid base configured to be coupled to an end of a compression spring disposed within a plunger lubricator of a wellbore; and
a flexible damper coupled to the rigid base opposite the compression spring, the flexible damper configured to dissipate some or all of the kinetic energy from a plunger upon impact from the plunger during a plunger lifting process of the wellbore;
wherein the flexible damper comprises at least one of (i) a flexible tube comprising bellows that allows the flexible tube to be compressed upon impact, or (ii) a non-metallic housing defining an inner volume configured to house a hydraulic fluid.
10. The anvil of claim 9 , wherein the tube comprises a non-metallic, hollow tube.
11. The anvil of claim 9 , wherein the tube is filled with hydraulic fluid.
12. The anvil of claim 9 , wherein the flexible tube comprises an accordion-style tube made of rubber.
13. The anvil of claim 9 , wherein the rigid base comprises a metal plate and a rigid guide rod extending from the metal plate, and the rigid guide rod comprises a metal rod.
14. The anvil of claim 13 , further comprising a second metal plate comprising an impact surface and coupled to an end of the flexible tube opposite the metal plate.
15. The anvil of claim 9 , further comprising a rigid guide rod configured to be disposed at least partially within the compression spring, and wherein the non-metallic housing comprises a rubber bag filled with hydraulic fluid and configured to expand radially upon impact by the plunger.
16. A method, comprising:
lifting, with production fluid accumulated uphole of a plunger, the plunger within a production string disposed within a wellbore, the lifting comprises lifting the plunger to push the production fluid uphole; and
continuing to lift the plunger until the plunger strikes a flexible anvil coupled to a distal end of a spring of a wellhead lubricator, the flexible anvil configured to dissipate some or all of the kinetic energy from the plunger;
wherein the flexible anvil comprises at least one of (i) a flexible tube comprising bellows that allows the flexible tube to be compressed upon impact, or (ii) a non-metallic housing defining an inner volume configured to house a hydraulic fluid, and the continuing to lift comprises lifting the plunger until the plunger strikes one of the flexible tube or non-metallic housing.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the flexible anvil comprises a flexible tube comprising bellows, and continuing to lift the plunger comprises lifting the plunger until the plunger strikes the flexible tube compressing the bellows of the flexible tube.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the flexible anvil comprises a rubber bag filled with hydraulic fluid, and continuing to lift the plunger comprises lifting the plunger until the plunger strikes the rubber bag and expands the rubber bag radially for the rubber bag to absorb some or all of the kinetic energy.