Access transistor including a metal oxide barrier layer and methods for forming the same
A transistor may be provided by forming, in a forward order or in a reverse order, a gate electrode, a metal oxide liner, a gate dielectric, and an active layer over a substrate, and by forming a source electrode and a drain electrode on end portions of the active layer. The metal oxide liner comprises a thin semiconducting metal oxide material that functions as a hydrogen barrier material.
1. A method of forming a transistor, comprising:
forming a gave cavity in an upper portion of an insulating layer that overlies a substrate;
depositing and patterning a continuous semiconducting metal oxide layer such that portions of the continuous semiconducting metal oxide layer are removed entirely from above a horizontal plane including a top surface of the insulating layer and remaining portions of the continuous semiconducting metal oxide layer are located entirely within a fraction of a volume of the gate cavity;
forming, in a forward order or in a reverse order, a gate electrode, a hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner, a gate dielectric, and an active layer over a substrate, wherein the hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner comprises a material selected from indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), indium tungsten oxide, indium zinc oxide, indium tin oxide, gallium oxide, indium oxide, doped zinc oxide, doped indium oxide, and doped cadmium oxide, wherein the gate electrode is formed within a fraction of the volume of the gate cavity and a top surface of the gate electrode is formed within the horizontal plane including the top surface of the insulating layer; and
forming a source electrode and a drain electrode prior to, or after, formation of the active layer such that the source electrode and the drain electrode contact end portions of the active layer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner is formed on a top surface of the gate electrode and on a top surface of the insulating layer.
3. The method of claim 1 ,
wherein the continuous semiconducting metal oxide layer is deposited as a conformal hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner.
4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising:
forming a tubular hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner on sidewalls of the gate cavity by anisotropically etching the continuous semiconducting metal oxide layer.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner comprises a planar hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner that is formed directly on a top surface of the tubular hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein:
the gate electrode is formed on the tubular conformal hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner in the gate cavity; and
the hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner comprises a planar hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner that is formed directly on a top surface of the tubular hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the insulating layer is deposited over the active layer prior to formation of the gate electrode; and
the gate cavity is formed by recessing a portion of the insulating layer that overlie a middle portion of the active layer.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein
the remaining portions of the continuous semiconducting metal oxide layer comprise a conformal metal oxide liner that contacts an entirety of sidewalls of the gate cavity and an entirety of a bottom surface of the gate cavity.
9. A method of forming a transistor, the method comprising:
forming a gave cavity in an upper portion of an insulating layer that overlies a substrate;
depositing and patterning a continuous semiconducting metal oxide layer such that portions of the continuous semiconducting metal oxide layer are removed entirely from above a horizontal plane including a top surface of the insulating layer and remaining portions of the continuous semiconducting metal oxide layer are located entirely within a fraction of a volume of the gate cavity;
forming, in a forward order or in a reverse order, a gate electrode, a hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner, a gate dielectric, and an active layer over a substrate, wherein the gate dielectric is spaced from the gate electrode by the hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner, wherein the gate electrode is formed within a fraction of the volume of the gate cavity and a top surface of the gate electrode is formed within the horizontal plane including the top surface of the insulating layer; and
forming a source electrode and a drain electrode prior to, or after, formation of the active layer such that the source electrode and the drain electrode contact end portions of the active layer.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the continuous semiconducting metal oxide layer is formed as a hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner by a conformal deposition process.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner is formed directly on a top surface of the insulating layer and directly on a top surface of the gate electrode.
12. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:
forming a gate dielectric layer and a continuous active layer over the hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner; and
patterning the continuous active layer and the gate dielectric layer into the active layer and the gate dielectric by performing an anisotropic etch process without etching through the hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide layer, wherein the hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide layer has a greater lateral extent than the active layer.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner is formed with sidewalls that are vertically coincident with sidewalls of the active layer and the gate dielectric.
14. The method of claim 10 ,
wherein the gate electrode is formed in the gate cavity after formation of the conformal metal oxide liner.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein patterning the continuous semiconducting metal oxide layer comprises anisotropically etching a horizontally- extending portion of the conformal metal oxide liner, wherein a remaining portion of the conformal metal oxide liner comprise a tubular metal oxide liner.
16. The method of claim 9 , wherein:
the insulating layer is deposited over the active layer prior to formation of the gate electrode; and
the gate cavity is formed by recessing a portion of the insulating layer that overlie a middle portion of the active layer.
17. A method of forming a transistor, the method comprising:
forming, in a forward order or in a reverse order, a gate electrode, a hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner, a gate dielectric, and an active layer over a substrate, wherein the gate electrode is formed within a fraction of the volume of a gate cavity located in an insulating layer, and wherein a conformal metal oxide liner is formed at a periphery of the gate cavity prior to formation of the gate electrode, and wherein the hydrogen-containing metal oxide liner comprises a ternary compound that is selected from indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), indium tungsten oxide, indium zinc oxide, indium tin oxide; and
forming a source electrode and a drain electrode prior to, or after, formation of the active layer such that the source electrode and the drain electrode contact end portions of the active layer.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the hydrogen-containing conductive metal oxide liner is formed as a planar metal oxide liner over the insulating layer and the gate electrode.
19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising
depositing and patterning a conformal metal oxide liner such that portions of the continuous semiconducting metal oxide layer are removed entirely from above a horizontal plane including a top surface of the insulating layer and remaining portions of the continuous semiconducting metal oxide layer are located entirely within another fraction of the volume of the gate cavity, wherein the gate electrode is formed after deposition and patterning of the conformal metal oxide liner, and a top surface of the gate electrode is formed within the horizontal plane including the top surface of the insulating layer.
20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the source electrode and the drain electrode are formed directly on top surface segments the active layer.