Display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same
A display apparatus includes a pixel electrode and a opposite electrode facing each other; a thin-film transistor connected to the pixel electrode; a contact electrode connected to the opposite electrode and spaced apart from the pixel electrode; an auxiliary electrode connected to the contact electrode and spaced apart from the thin-film transistor; an intermediate layer with which light is emitted, the intermediate layer including: an emission layer, and a first functional layer corresponding to the pixel electrode and the contact electrode, the first functional layer defining an opening portion at which the contact electrode is exposed; and a multi-insulating layer between the thin-film transistor and the pixel electrode, between the auxiliary electrode and the contact electrode, and defining a contact opening at which the auxiliary electrode is connected to the contact electrode, the contact opening corresponding to the opening portion of the intermediate layer.
1. A method of manufacturing a display apparatus, the method comprising:
providing on a substrate:
a thin-film transistor electrically connected to a pixel electrode of a light emitting element,
a contact electrode spaced apart from the pixel electrode in a direction along the substrate,
an auxiliary electrode which is electrically connected to the contact electrode and spaced apart from the thin-film transistor in the direction along the substrate,
an inorganic insulating layer on the thin-film transistor and the auxiliary electrode,
an organic insulating layer between the inorganic insulating layer and the pixel electrode and between the inorganic insulating layer and the contact electrode, along a thickness direction of the substrate, and
an open portion in the organic insulating layer which is provided in plural comprising:
a first open portion which exposes the inorganic insulating layer to outside the organic insulating layer, and
a second open portion which corresponds to a contact opening in the inorganic insulating layer, the second open portion together with the contact opening exposing the auxiliary electrode to outside the organic insulating layer and the inorganic insulating layer;
providing an intermediate layer of the light emitting element, on the contact electrode and on the pixel electrode;
removing a portion of the intermediate layer which corresponds to the contact electrode, to provide an opening in the intermediate layer which exposes the contact electrode to outside the intermediate layer; and
after the exposing of the contact electrode to outside of the intermediate layer, providing an opposite electrode of the light emitting element which is on the intermediate layer, in contact with the contact electrode which is exposed at the opening in the intermediate layer and through which an electrical signal is transmitted from the auxiliary electrode to the opposite electrode,
wherein the first open portion and the second open portion in the organic insulating layer are spaced apart from each other in the direction along the substrate, a portion of the organic insulating layer disposed between the first open portion and the second open portion, and
wherein the inorganic insulating layer which is exposed by the first open portion covers an upper surface of the auxiliary electrode.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the providing of the intermediate layer comprises sequentially providing:
a first functional layer corresponding to the pixel electrode and the contact electrode, and
an emission layer corresponding to the pixel electrode, and
the providing the opening in the intermediate layer comprises removing a portion of the first functional layer which corresponds to the contact electrode.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein
the providing the intermediate layer further comprises providing a second functional layer after the providing of the emission layer, the second functional layer corresponding to the pixel electrode and the contact electrode, and
the providing of the opening in the intermediate layer further comprises removing a portion of the second functional layer which corresponds to the contact electrode, simultaneously with the removing of the portion of the first functional layer which corresponds to the contact electrode.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first open portion is larger than the contact opening.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first open portion and the contact opening are spaced apart from each other in the direction along the substrate.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein at an area corresponding to the open portion in the organic insulating layer, the inorganic insulating layer is between the contact electrode and the auxiliary electrode.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the removing of the portion of the intermediate layer comprises:
removing a first portion of the intermediate layer to expose the contact electrode to outside the intermediate layer, at the first open portion, and
removing a second portion of the intermediate layer to expose the contact electrode to outside the intermediate layer, at the second open portion.
8. The method of claim 2 , wherein the removing the portion of the first functional layer which corresponds to the contact electrode comprises radiating a laser beam to the portion of the first functional layer.
9. The method of claim 2 , wherein
the contact electrode extends from the first open portion to the second open portion of the organic insulating layer, and
the removing the portion of the intermediate layer which corresponds to the contact electrode provides plural openings in the intermediate layer, the plural openings comprising:
a first opening which exposes the contact electrode to outside the intermediate layer, at the first open portion of the organic insulating layer, and
a second opening which exposes the contact electrode to outside the intermediate layer, at the second open portion of the organic insulating layer.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the first open portion and the second open portion in the organic insulating layer are spaced apart from each other in the direction along the substrate.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein a thickness portion of the inorganic insulating layer and a thickness portion of the organic insulating layer are between the first open portion and the second open portion which are spaced apart from each other in the direction along the substrate.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the contacting of the opposite electrode of the light emitting element to the contact electrode defines contact areas between the opposite electrode and the contact electrode, the contact areas including:
a first contact area corresponding to the first open portion in the organic insulating layer, and
a second contact area corresponding to contact opening in the organic insulating layer.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein
the first contact area and the second contact area are spaced apart from each other in the direction along the substrate, and
a portion of the inorganic insulating layer is between the first contact area and the second contact area which are spaced apart from each other in the direction along the substrate.
14. A method of manufacturing a display apparatus, the method comprising:
providing on a substrate:
a thin-film transistor electrically connected to a pixel electrode of a light emitting element,
a contact electrode spaced apart from the pixel electrode in a direction along the substrate,
an auxiliary electrode which is electrically connected to the contact electrode and spaced apart from the thin-film transistor in the direction along the substrate,
an inorganic insulating layer on the thin-film transistor and the auxiliary electrode,
an organic insulating layer between the inorganic insulating layer and the pixel electrode and between the inorganic insulating layer and the contact electrode, along a thickness direction of the substrate, and
an open portion in the organic insulating layer which is provided in plural comprising:
a first open portion which exposes the inorganic insulating layer to outside the organic insulating laver, and
a second open portion which corresponds to a contact opening in the inorganic insulating laver, the second open portion together with the contact opening exposing the auxiliary electrode to outside the organic insulating layer and the inorganic insulating laver;
providing an intermediate layer of the light emitting element, on the contact electrode and on the pixel electrode;
removing a portion of the intermediate layer which corresponds to the contact electrode, to provide an opening in the intermediate layer which exposes the contact electrode to outside the intermediate layer; and
after the exposing of the contact electrode to outside of the intermediate laver, providing an opposite electrode of the light emitting element which is on the intermediate layer, in contact with the contact electrode which is exposed at the opening in the intermediate layer and through which an electrical signal is transmitted from the auxiliary electrode to the opposite electrode,
wherein the first open portion and the second open portion in the organic insulating layer are spaced apart from each other in the direction along the substrate, and
wherein a thickness portion of the inorganic insulating layer and a thickness portion of the organic insulating layer are between the first open portion and the second open portion which are spaced apart from each other in the direction along the substrate.