Propulsion unit with foldable propeller blades and method for folding the blades
A propulsion unit with a propeller is provided, having a nacelle and a propeller rotatably mounted in the nacelle by a hub. The propeller includes blades mounted in a blade cuff pivotable about a pitch axis relative to the hub, each blade being pivotable relative to the cuff about a folding axis. The propulsion unit can further include a folding device that comprises an actuator for folding the blades. The folding device can include a control member rotationally affixed to the blade cuff and driven by the actuator, and a connecting rod pivotably mounted, on the one hand, on a root of the associated blade and, on the other hand, on the movable control member.
1. A propulsion unit for an aircraft, the propulsion unit comprising:
a nacelle configured to attach to a structural element of the aircraft;
a propeller rotatably mounted in the nacelle about a longitudinal axis of rotation by a hub, the propeller having:
a plurality of blade cuffs each pivotably mounted about a radial pitch axis with respect to the hub; and
a blade associated with each of the plurality of blade cuffs, each blade being mounted to the associated blade cuff integral in rotation about the radial pitch axis and pivotable about a folding axis orthogonal to the radial pitch axis, the folding axis rotating together with the blade cuff around the pitch axis; and
a folding device associated with each of the plurality of blade cuffs, the folding device having a folding actuator controlling the pivoting of the blade relative to its blade cuff between a deployed position, in which the blade extends radially with respect to the axis of rotation, and a folded position, in which the blade extends generally longitudinally against the nacelle, the folding device including a transmission associated with each blade, each transmission comprising:
a movable control member being mounted to the associated blade cuff integral in rotation about the radial pitch axis and radially slidable within the blade cuff along the radial pitch axis, the movable control member movable along the radial pitch axis by the associated folding actuator, and
a link having a first end pivotably mounted on a root of the blade eccentrically with respect to the folding axis and a second end pivotably mounted on the movable control member,
wherein the movable control member of each transmission is radially slidable within the associated blade cuff between an internal extreme position corresponding to one of the deployed and folded positions of the blade and an external extreme position corresponding to the other of the deployed and folded positions of the blade.
2. The propulsion unit of claim 1 , further comprising a cam follower mounted to the movable control member such that the cam follower slides integrally with the movable control member along the radial pitch axis, and wherein the radial sliding of the movable control member along the radial pitch axis is actuated by a cam.
3. The propulsion unit of claim 2 , wherein the cam is mounted so as to slide longitudinally along the longitudinal axis of rotation, and wherein the cam follower is configured to rotate about the radial pitch axis with respect to the movable control member.
4. The propulsion unit of claim 3 , wherein all the cams of each of the transmissions are attached to a common rod of the folding actuator which is slidable along the longitudinal axis of rotation between a first position corresponding to the deployed position of the blades and a second position corresponding to the folded position of the blades.
5. The propulsion unit of claim 4 , further comprising a detection device configured to detect the position of the actuator rod in a first position and a second position of the actuator rod.
6. The propulsion unit of claim 4 , further comprising a mechanical locking device configured to lock the movable control member in each of its positions corresponding to the deployed position and the folded position of the blades.
7. The propulsion unit of claim 1 , wherein the nacelle is mounted stationary on the structural element of the aircraft.
8. The propulsion unit of claim 1 , wherein the nacelle is pivotably mounted on the structural element of the aircraft.
9. A method for folding the blades of the propeller of a propulsion unit according to claim 5 , the method comprising:
a folding step, during which the blades are folded by the folding device; and
a checking step of the folding, during which it is checked that the blades are indeed folded by means of the detection device.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the propulsion unit further comprises a mechanical locking device configured to lock the movable control member in each of its positions corresponding to the deployed position and the folded position of the blades, and wherein if, in the checking step of the folding, the blades are detected as being in a folded position, the mechanical locking device is controlled to lock the blades in the folded position.