Hybrid vehicle conversion system
Provided herein is an auxiliary hybrid system (AHS) that may be configured to provide electrical propulsion to an e.g., internal combustion-powered vehicle through the use of a battery and electric motor. Alternatively, the AHS may be configured to increase range to electric vehicles through the use of an internal combustion-powered generator. In either embodiment, the AHS is added to a vehicle without altering the operation of the vehicles' standard drivetrain, allowing the vehicle to operate conventionally when the AHS is not engaged. The AHS is compatible with a wide range of vehicles with a minimum of vehicle-specific parts.
1. A system comprising:
an energy storage device configured to store power for a vehicle, wherein the vehicle has a back end and at least one rear wheel;
at least one power conversion device configured to transfer power between the energy storage device and the vehicle;
a power conversion controller configured to regulate power flow between the energy storage device and the at least one power conversion device;
an input device configured to receive input from a user and configured to translate the input into instructions for the power conversion controller;
a rear drive comprising the at least one power conversion device and configured to be connected to the back end of the vehicle;
a drivetrain configured to transmit power between the rear drive and the vehicle's at least one rear wheel;
a drive mounting system comprising a rear-side coupling configured to connect to the back end of the vehicle; and
a drive mounting assembly configured to connect the rear drive to the rear-side coupling.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the energy storage device comprises a battery configured to store electrical energy.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one power conversion device comprises at least one electric motor.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the power conversion controller comprises an electric motor drive.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the input device comprises a throttle configured to communicate a magnitude of power flow between the at least one power conversion device and the vehicle as requested from a user.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the vehicle further comprises an accelerator pedal and wherein the throttle comprises a range finder configured to be connected to the accelerator pedal and to communicate a distance between a user's foot and the accelerator pedal to the power conversion controller.
7. The system of claim 5 , wherein the vehicle further comprises a steering wheel and wherein the throttle comprises a paddle configured to:
be connected to the steering wheel,
be pulled by a user to a desired paddle position; and
communicate the paddle position to the power conversion controller.
8. The system of claim 5 , wherein the throttle comprises a throttle pedal configured to be depressed by a user.
9. The system of claim 5 , wherein the throttle is configured to communicate a request for accelerative power to the system when operated in a first input range by a user, and configured to communicate a request for braking power when operated in a second input range by the user.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the input device comprises a brake input device configured to communicate a magnitude of braking power provided by the at least one power conversion device to the vehicle, as requested by a user.
11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the vehicle further comprises a brake pedal and wherein the brake input device comprises a range finder configured to be connected to the brake pedal and configured to communicate a distance between a user's foot and the brake pedal to the power conversion controller.
12. The system of claim 10 , wherein the vehicle further comprises a steering wheel and wherein the brake input device comprises a paddle configured to:
be connected to the steering wheel,
be pulled by a user to a desired paddle position; and
communicate the paddle position to the system.
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle further comprises an onboard diagnostic system and an accelerator pedal, and wherein the input device comprises an interface with the onboard diagnostic system and is configured to read an accelerator pedal position from the onboard diagnostic system and communicate it to the power conversion controller.
14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle further comprises a frame and the system comprises a drive mounting system configured to connect the rear drive to the frame.
15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle further comprises a trailer hitch receiver and the system comprises a drive mounting system configured to connect the rear drive to the trailer hitch receiver.
16. The system of claim 1 , the system further comprising a drive mounting system configured to connect the rear drive to the vehicle at a plurality of vertical positions.
17. The system of claim 1 , the system further comprising an energy storage device charger.
18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the energy storage device charger is a battery charger.
19. The system of claim 1 , the system further comprising a user interface comprising a display and control electronics configured to allow a user to communicate with the system.
20. The system of claim 19 , wherein the vehicle further comprise a dashboard and wherein the user interface is configured to be installed on top of the dashboard.
21. The system of claim 19 , wherein the user interface is configured to receive and communicate requests from a user for forward and reverse direction of travel.
22. The system of claim 19 , wherein the user interface is configured to receive and communicate requests from a user to power the system on and off.
23. The system of claim 19 , wherein the user interface is configured to communicate a state of charge of the energy storage device to a user.
24. The system of claim 1 , the rear drive further comprising at least one wheel configured to support at least a portion of the system's weight.
25. The system of claim 24 , wherein the at least one wheel is a caster wheel.
26. The system of claim 24 , wherein the rear drive further comprises a suspension system configured to allow vertical travel of the at least one wheel.
27. The system of claim 26 , wherein the suspension system comprises a height adjustment mechanism configured to enable a user to adjust the nominal ride height of the rear drive.
28. The system of claim 26 , wherein the suspension system comprises a height adjustment mechanism configured to enable a user to adjust a portion of the total system weight supported by the suspension system.
29. The system of claim 1 , the system further comprising a trailer comprising the energy storage device, at least one wheel having a centerline, and a moving caster axis mechanism, wherein the moving caster axis mechanism is configured to:
connect the trailer to the rear drive such that relative yaw rotation is allowed;
position the axis of yaw rotation ahead of the at least one trailer wheel centerline when moving in a forward direction; and
position the axis of yaw rotation behind the at least one trailer wheel centerline when moving in a reverse direction.
30. The system of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle comprises an engine-driven power steering pump, the system further comprising a power steering pump configured to be hydraulically connected in parallel with the engine-driven power steering pump and to receive power from the energy storage device.
31. The system of claim 30 , wherein the power steering pump comprises an electric motor and is configured to receive electrical energy.
32. The system of claim 30 , wherein the power steering pump comprises a power steering pump outlet, the system further comprising a check valve configured to allow flow out of the power steering pump outlet and prevent flow into the power steering pump outlet.
33. The system of claim 30 , wherein the engine-driven power steering pump comprises an engine-driven power steering pump outlet, the system further comprising a check valve configured to allow flow out of the engine-driven power steering pump outlet and prevent flow into the engine-driven power steering pump outlet.
34. A system comprising a trailer configured to be connected to a vehicle having a back end, the trailer comprising a moving caster axis mechanism and at least one wheel configured to rotate about a wheel axis, wherein the moving caster axis mechanism is configured to:
connect the trailer to the back end of a vehicle such that relative yaw rotation is allowed;
position the axis of yaw rotation ahead of the wheel axis when moving in a forward direction; and
position the axis of yaw rotation behind the wheel axis when moving in a reverse direction.