Compact 2D scanner magnet with trapezoidal coils
A compact two-dimensional (2D) scanning magnet for scanning ion beams is provided. The compact 2D scanning magnet may include a vertical field trapezoidal coil and a horizontal field trapezoidal coil that is disposed proximate to the vertical field trapezoidal coil and is rotated about an axis relative to the vertical field trapezoidal coil. The vertical field trapezoidal coil may include a top coil that is configured to receive a first input electrical current flowing in a first direction, and a bottom coil that is configured to receive a second input electrical current flowing in the first direction. The horizontal field trapezoidal coil may include a left coil that is configured to receive a third input electrical current flowing in a second direction, and a right coil that is configured to receive a fourth input electrical current flowing in the second direction.
1 . A compact two-dimensional (2D) scanning magnet for scanning ion beams, the compact 2D scanning magnet comprising:
a vertical field trapezoidal coil oriented along an axis comprising:
a top coil that is configured to receive a first input electrical current flowing through the top coil in a first direction, and
a bottom coil that is configured to receive a second input electrical current flowing through the bottom coil in the first direction; and
a horizontal field trapezoidal coil that is disposed proximate to the vertical field trapezoidal coil and is rotated about the axis relative to the vertical field trapezoidal coil by an angle, the horizontal field trapezoidal coil comprising:
a left coil that is configured to receive a third input electrical current flowing through the left coil in a second direction, and
a right coil that is configured to receive a fourth input electrical current flowing through the right coil in the second direction,
wherein the vertical field trapezoidal coil and the horizontal field trapezoidal coil are configured to scan an input ion beam across a 2D target area.
2 . The compact 2D scanning magnet of claim 1 , wherein:
the top coil, the bottom coil, the left coil, and the right coil have a first number of coil layers at a first edge of the top coil, the bottom coil, the left coil, and the right coil; and
the top coil, the bottom coil, the left coil, and the right coil have a second number of coil layers at a second edge of the top coil, the bottom coil, the left coil, and the right coil,
wherein the second number of coil layers is greater than the first number of coil layers, such that the top coil, the bottom coil, the left coil, and the right coil have a trapezoidal cross section.
3 . The compact 2D scanning magnet of claim 2 , wherein the first number of coil layers is one, and the second number of coil layers is two.
4 . The compact 2D scanning magnet of claim 1 , wherein the vertical field trapezoidal coil and the horizontal field trapezoidal coil are comprised of a square wire that has dimensions between 4 millimeters (mm) by 4 mm and 10 mm by 10 mm.
5 . The compact 2D scanning magnet of claim 1 , wherein the axis is a first axis, and the vertical field trapezoidal coil is rotated relative to the horizontal field trapezoidal coil by an absolute value of 90 degrees relative to a respective second axis that is orthogonal to the first axis.
6 . The compact 2D scanning magnet of claim 1 , wherein the vertical field trapezoidal coil and the horizontal field trapezoidal coil have between 20 and 100 coil turns.
7 . The compact 2D scanning magnet of claim 1 , wherein the vertical field trapezoidal coil is between 60 centimeters (cm) and 80 cm in length, and the horizontal field trapezoidal coil is between 60 cm and 80 cm in length.
8 . The compact 2D scanning magnet of claim 1 , wherein the vertical field trapezoidal coil and the horizontal field trapezoidal coil include wire holes between 2 millimeters (mm) and 8 mm in diameter.
9 . The compact 2D scanning magnet of claim 1 , further comprising:
an iron yoke disposed around the vertical field trapezoidal coil and the horizontal field trapezoidal coil.
10 . The compact 2D scanning magnet of claim 1 , wherein the first electrical current input and the second electrical current input are between approximately 275 amperes (A) and 550 A, and the third electrical current input and the fourth electrical current input are between approximately 275 A and 550 A.
11 . The compact 2D scanning magnet of claim 1 , wherein the vertical field trapezoidal coil and the horizontal field trapezoidal coil are comprised of copper wire.
12 . A system for scanning ion beams, the system comprising:
an accelerator for accelerating an ion beam towards a two-dimensional (2D) target area; and
a 2D scanning magnet configured to scan the ion beam across the 2D target area, the 2D scanning magnet comprising:
a vertical field trapezoidal coil oriented along an axis comprising:
a top coil that is configured to receive a first input electrical current flowing through the top coil in a first direction, and
a bottom coil that is configured to receive a second input electrical current flowing through the bottom coil in the first direction; and
a horizontal field trapezoidal coil that is disposed proximate to the vertical field trapezoidal coil and is rotated about the axis relative to the vertical field trapezoidal coil by an angle, the horizontal field trapezoidal coil comprising:
a left coil that is configured to receive a third input electrical current flowing through the left coil in a second direction, and
a right coil that is configured to receive a fourth input electrical current flowing through the right coil in the second direction.
13 . The system of claim 12 , wherein:
the top coil, the bottom coil, the left coil, and the right coil have a first number of coil turns at a first layer of the top coil, the bottom coil, the left coil, and the right coil; and
the top coil, the bottom coil, the left coil, and the right coil have a second number of coil turns at a second layer of the top coil, the bottom coil, the left coil, and the right coil,
wherein the second number of coil turns is greater than the first number of coil turns, such that the top coil, the bottom coil, the left coil, and the right coil have a trapezoidal cross section.
14 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the vertical field trapezoidal coil and the horizontal field trapezoidal coil are comprised of a square wire that has dimensions between 4 millimeters (mm) by 4 mm and 10 mm by 10 mm.
15 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the axis is a first axis, and the vertical field trapezoidal coil is rotated relative to the horizontal field trapezoidal coil by an absolute value of 90 degrees relative to a respective second axis that is orthogonal to the first axis.
16 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the vertical field trapezoidal coil and the horizontal field trapezoidal coil have between 20 and 100 coil turns.
17 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the vertical field trapezoidal coil and the horizontal field trapezoidal coil include wire holes between 2 millimeters (mm) and 8 mm in diameter.
18 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the first electrical current input and the second electrical current input are between approximately 275 amperes (A) and 550 A, and the third electrical current input and the fourth electrical current input are between approximately 275 A and 550 A.
19 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the vertical field trapezoidal coil is configured to generate a magnetic field between 0.3 Tesla (T) and 1.0 T, and the horizontal field trapezoidal coil is configured to generate a magnetic field between 0.3 T and 1 T.
20 . A method for scanning ion beams, the method comprising:
directing an ion beam along an axis towards a 2D scanning magnet configured to scan the ion beam across a 2D target area, the 2D scanning magnet comprising:
a vertical field trapezoidal coil oriented along an axis comprising:
a top coil that is configured to receive a first input electrical current flowing through the top coil in a first direction, and
a bottom coil that is configured to receive a second input electrical current flowing through the bottom coil in the first direction; and
a horizontal field trapezoidal coil that is disposed proximate to the vertical field trapezoidal coil and is rotated about the axis relative to the vertical field trapezoidal coil by an angle, the horizontal field trapezoidal coil comprising:
a left coil that is configured to receive a third input electrical current flowing through the left coil in a second direction, and
a right coil that is configured to receive a fourth input electrical current flowing through the right coil in the second direction; and
scanning the ion beam across the 2D target area in a first direction and a second direction by sequentially adjusting a propagation direction of the ion beam with the 2D scanning magnet, wherein the first direction and the second direction are orthogonal to the axis.