Process for preparing a polysulfone (PSU) polymer
The present invention relates to a process for preparing a polysulfone (PSU) polymer having a low yellowness index (YI). The present disclosure also relates to a PSU obtained from this process, as well as to articles incorporating this PSU.
1 . A process for preparing a polysulfone (PSU) polymer by condensation in a reaction mixture (R G ) comprising:
at least one aromatic dihydroxy monomer (a1) comprising 4,4′-isopropylidenediphenol;
at least one aromatic dihalogen sulfone monomer (a2) comprising at least one dihalogen compound selected from the group consisting of 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone (DCPDS) and 4,4′-difluorodiphenyl sulfone (DFDPS), based on the overall weight of component (a2) in reaction mixture (R G );
at least one carbonate component;
in a solvent which comprises 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI);
wherein the PSU polymer has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of from 70,000 g/mol to 200,000 g/mol, as measured by Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) using Methylene Chloride as a mobile phase, and a polydispersity index (PDI) of less than 4 (PDI is Mw/Mn),
wherein the process comprises a step of heating the reaction mixture (R G ) to a temperature T H , and maintaining the reaction mixture (R G ) to this temperature T H for at least 20 minutes, before increasing the temperature of the reaction mixture (R G ) to a reaction temperature T R , wherein the temperatures T H and T R are such that 140° C.<T H <T R <215° C., and
wherein the amount of PSU at the end of the condensation is at least 30 wt. % based on the total weight of the PSU and the solvent.
2 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the monomer (a1) comprises, based on the total weight of the monomer (a1), at least 50 wt. % of 4,4′-isopropylidenediphenol.
3 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the monomer (a2) comprises, based on the total weight of the monomer (a2), at least 50 wt. % of 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone (DCPDS).
4 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of increasing the temperature from T H to T R is performed over a period of time varying from 5 minutes to 5 hours.
5 . The process of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the inequality (1) or (2) is met:
140° C.<T H <190° C. (1)
180<T R <215° C. (2)
with the proviso that when both inequalities (1) and (2) are met, then T H <T R .
6 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the following inequality is met: T H <T R −5° C.
7 . The process of claim 1 , where the reaction mixture (R G ) does not comprise any substance which forms an azeotrope with water.
8 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of the monomer component (a1) to the monomer component (a2) is from 1.01 to 1.05.
9 . A polysulfone (PSU) polymer obtainable by the process of claim 1 , having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of from 70,000 g/mol to 200,000 g/mol, as measured by GPC with light scattering according to the ASTM D-4001-93, a polydispersity index (PDI) of less than 4 (PDI is Mw/Mn), and a yellowness index (YI) of less than 6.0, as measured according to ASTM E313 using an x-rite Color i7 spectrophotometer.
10 . The PSU polymer of claim 9 , having from 1 ppm (wt) to less than 300 ppm (wt) content of DMI, based on the total weight of the PSU polymer.
11 . The PSU polymer of claim 9 , comprising less than 400 ppm (wt) content of polymer-bonded chlorine, based on the total weight of the PSU polymer.
12 . The PSU polymer of claim 9 , comprising less than 1.15 wt. % of cyclic oligomers and cyclic dimers, based on the total weight of PSU polymer.
13 . A thermoplastic composition, comprising the PSU polymer of claim 9 .
14 . A molding, fiber, film, membrane, or foam comprising the PSU polymer of claim 9 .