Method for determining a current flowing through at least one switching element, electrical circuit arrangement, and motor vehicle
A method determines a current flowing through at least one switching element of an electrical circuit arrangement. When the switching element is turned on the current flows through a switchable portion of the switching element. The switching element is associated with a temperature sensor and a voltage sensor. The temperature sensor measures a temperature of the switching element and the voltage sensor measures a voltage drop across the switchable portion of the switching element. The temperature sensor and the voltage sensor are connected to a computing device. The computing device determines a current value of the current based on the measured temperature and the measured voltage drop.
1 . A method, comprising:
turning on a switching element of an electrical circuit arrangement;
flowing a current through a switchable portion of the switching element;
measuring a temperature of the switching element with a temperature sensor that is adjacent to the switchable portion of the switching element, wherein the temperature sensor includes a temperature-dependent electrical resistance and is connected to a computing device;
measuring a voltage drop across the switchable portion of the switching element with a voltage sensor connected to the computing device;
obtaining a digital temperature value by digitalizing the temperature of the switching element measured by the temperature sensor;
obtaining a digital voltage value by digitalizing the voltage drop measured by the voltage sensor;
relaying the digital temperature value and the digital voltage value to the computing device across a galvanically separating connection; and
determining a current value of the current with the computing device based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor and based on the voltage drop measured by the voltage sensor.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , comprising:
measuring the temperature continuously with the temperature sensor;
measuring the voltage drop continuously with the voltage sensor; and
continuously determining the current value with the computing device based on the continuously measured temperature and the continuously measured voltage drop.
3 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the electrical circuit arrangement includes multiple switching elements each associated with a respective temperature sensor and a respective voltage sensor, wherein the computing device determines for each of the switching elements a respective current value of the current flowing respectively through the switchable portion.
4 . The method according to claim 3 , wherein the electrical circuit arrangement is a three-phase pulse inverter, wherein the computing device determines three phase currents from current values ascertained for at least two of the switching elements.
5 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the current value is determined as a function of a magnitude of a control voltage imposed on the switching element in an On condition.
6 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the computing device is adapted to operate a driver circuit of the electrical circuit arrangement, in which the switching element is switched by the driver circuit based on the current value.
7 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature sensor and the voltage sensor are connected to at least one analog-to-digital converter that generates the digital temperature value and the digital voltage value.
8 . The method according to claim 7 , wherein the temperature sensor is connected across a preamplifier to the at least one analog-to-digital converter.
9 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the switching element is integrated in a power supply module with at least a portion of the temperature sensor.
10 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the switching element is a metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor based on silicon carbide.
11 . An electrical circuit arrangement, comprising:
a switching element having a switchable portion;
a temperature sensor, adjacent to the switchable portion of the switching element, wherein the temperature sensor, in operation, measures a temperature of the switching element;
a voltage sensor that, in operation, measures a voltage drop across the switchable portion;
at least one analog-to-digital converter connected to the temperature sensor and the voltage sensor, wherein the at least one analog-to-digital converter, in operation, obtains a digital temperature value by digitalizing the temperature of the switching element measured by the temperature sensor and obtains a digital voltage value by digitalizing the voltage drop measured by the voltage sensor; and
a computing device connected to the temperature sensor and the voltage sensor, wherein the computing device, in operation, measures a current flowing through the switching element based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor and based on the voltage drop measured by the voltage sensor,
wherein the at least one analog-to-digital converter and the computing device are connected by a galvanically separating connection, and
wherein the digital temperature value and the digital voltage value are relayed to the computing device across the galvanically separating connection.
12 . A motor vehicle comprising an electrical circuit arrangement, the electrical circuit arrangement including:
a switching element having a switchable portion;
a temperature sensor adjacent to the switchable portion of the switching element, wherein the temperature sensor, in operation, measures a temperature of the switching element;
a voltage sensor that, in operation, measures a voltage drop across the switchable portion;
at least one analog-to-digital converter connected to the temperature sensor and the voltage sensor, wherein the at least one analog-to-digital converter, in operation, obtains a digital temperature value by digitalizing the temperature of the switching element measured by the temperature sensor and obtains a digital voltage value by digitalizing the voltage drop measured by the voltage sensor; and
a computing device connected to the temperature sensor and the voltage sensor, wherein the computing device, in operation, measures a current flowing through the switching element based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor and based on the voltage drop measured by the voltage sensor,
wherein the at least one analog-to-digital converter and the computing device are connected by a galvanically separating connection, and
wherein the digital temperature value and the digital voltage value are relayed to the computing device across the galvanically separating connection.