Device for monitoring blood flow
The subject matter of the invention of the present application is non-invasive equipment for monitoring blood flows and/or respiratory cycles of a human or animal body, comprising at least one segment of conductive elastomer with variable resistance arranged so as to extend over the circumference of the body element and sensitive to the length of the circumference of said element, means for capturing said length by virtue of said variable resistance and supplying a signal representing said length, and means for processing said signal, comprising means for extracting parameters of the blood flows and/or respiratory cycles to be monitored.
1 . A monitoring device configured to monitor blood or respiratory flow, the monitoring device comprising:
a first conductive elastomer layer positionable over a radial artery, the first conductive elastomer layer having a first resistance that varies as a length of the first conductive elastomer layer varies in response to blood flow in the artery, wherein the first conductive elastomer layer comprises:
multiple alternating layers of conductive and non-conductive elastomers, wherein the layers of conductive elastomers have different electrical conductivity values from one another, and wherein the layers of non-conductive elastomers have different rigidity values from one another, wherein the different electrical conductivity values and different rigidity values provide functional capability in multiple layers; and
processing circuitry configured to process a first electrical signal having a first amplitude that varies as the first resistance varies, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to separately process signals from each conductive elastomer layer.
2 . The monitoring device of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine a presence of an arterial occlusion based at least in part on at least one characteristic of the first electrical signal.
3 . The monitoring device of claim 1 , wherein the first conductive elastomer layer having layers of conducting elastomers having different electrical characteristics.
4 . The monitoring device of claim 3 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to jointly process signals from each conductive elastomer of the first conductive elastomer layer.
5 . The monitoring device of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to detect a mean cardiac frequency based at least in part on maxima or minima detected in the first electrical signal.
6 . The monitoring device of claim 5 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine a maxima or minima in the first electrical signal based at least in part on first and second derivatives of a signal derived from the first electrical signal.
7 . The monitoring device of claim 6 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to detect a variation in the mean cardiac frequency.
8 . The monitoring device of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to perform a frequency analysis of the first electrical signal to generate a frequency domain signal indicative of a frequency characteristic of blood flow in the radial artery.
9 . The monitoring device of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine an amount of tension of the first conductive elastomer.
10 . The monitoring device of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to detect radial artery blood flow changes in real time.
11 . The monitoring device of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to compare the first electrical signal to a reference signal.
12 . The monitoring device of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second conductive elastomer layer positionable over an ulnar artery, the second conductive elastomer layer having a second resistance that varies as a length of the second conductive elastomer layer varies in response to blood flow in the ulnar artery; and
the processing circuitry being configured to process a second electrical signal having a second amplitude that varies as the second resistance varies.
13 . The monitoring device of claim 12 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine a difference between the first and second electrical signals.
14 . The monitoring device of claim 13 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine first and second derivatives of the difference between the first and second electrical signals.
15 . The monitoring device of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to generate signals to cause a visual display indicative of radial artery blood flow versus time or frequency.
16 . The monitoring device of claim 1 , wherein the first conductive elastomer layer comprises a non-conductive polymer doped with carbon.
17 . The monitoring device of claim 16 , wherein the first conductive elastomer layer has layers of conducting elastomers having different electrical characteristics.
18 . The monitoring device of claim 17 , wherein the first conductive elastomer layer further comprises layers of non-conductive elastomer.
19 . The monitoring device of claim 18 , wherein the layers of conducting elastomer alternate with layers of non-conductive elastomer.