Surfactant-free filled polyurethane foam and method of making same
Polyurethane foams and methods of manufacturing are described herein. The foam can include (a) a polyurethane formed by the reaction of (i) one or more isocyanates selected from the group consisting of diisocyanates, polyisocyanates, and mixtures thereof, and (ii) one or more polyols; and (b) a filler. The amount of filler in the foam can be from 50 to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the foam. The filler can include a plurality of fibers and/or a particulate filler. The polyurethane foams described herein are made without adding a surfactant to the reaction mixture. The density of the polyurethane foam can be at least 5 lb/ft 3 .
1 . A filled polyurethane foam comprising:
a polyurethane; and
an inorganic particulate filler comprising calcium carbonate and fly ash;
wherein the inorganic particulate filler has a multimodal particle size distribution having a first mode with a first median particle diameter and a second mode with a second median particle diameter different than the first median particle diameter, wherein the calcium carbonate has the first median particle diameter, and wherein the first median particle diameter is from 30 microns to 40 microns; and
wherein the filled polyurethane foam has a flexural strength of 400 psi or greater, a density of at least 10 lb/ft 3 , or both a flexural strength of 400 psi or greater and a density of at least 10 lb/ft 3 .
2 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein the fly ash has the second median particle diameter, and the second median particle diameter is less than 30 microns.
3 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein the fly ash has the second median particle diameter, and the second median particle diameter is from 5 microns to 15 microns.
4 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein the filled polyurethane foam comprises from 0.1% by weight to 15% by weight calcium carbonate, based on a total weight of the filled polyurethane foam.
5 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein the filled polyurethane foam comprises from 50% by weight to 80% by weight fly ash, based on a total weight of the filled polyurethane foam.
6 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein the fly ash comprises Class C fly ash, Class F fly ash, or a mixture of Class C fly ash and Class F fly ash.
7 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particulate filler is coated with a sizing agent.
8 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , further comprising 3% by weight to 5% by weight of a plurality of fibers, based on a total weight of the filled polyurethane foam.
9 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein the filled polyurethane foam comprises from 70% by weight to 80% by weight of the inorganic particulate filler, based on a total weight of the filled polyurethane foam.
10 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein the filled polyurethane foam has a compressive strength of 100 psi or greater.
11 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the filled polyurethane foam is 0.125 inch to 2 inches.
12 . A filled polyurethane foam comprising:
a polyurethane; and
an inorganic particulate filler comprising a first filler comprising calcium carbonate and a second filler;
wherein the inorganic particulate filler has a multimodal particle size distribution having at least two modes including a first mode with a first median particle diameter and a second mode with a second median particle diameter different than the first median particle diameter, wherein the calcium carbonate has the first median particle diameter, and wherein the first median particle diameter is from 30 microns to 40 microns; and
wherein the filled polyurethane foam has a flexural strength of 400 psi or greater, a density of at least 10 lb/ft 3 , or both a flexural strength of 400 psi or greater and a density of at least 10 lb/ft 3 .
13 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 12 , wherein the second filler is selected from the group consisting of ash, ground/recycled glass, milled glass, glass spheres, glass flakes, activated carbon, calcium carbonate, aluminum trihydrate, silica, sand, ground sand, silica fume, slate dust, crusher fines, red mud, amorphous carbon, clays, mica, talc, wollastonite, alumina, feldspar, bentonite, quartz, garnet, saponite, beidellite, granite, slag, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, barium sulfate, magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide, zinc carbonate, zinc oxide, nepheline syenite, perlite, diatomite, pyrophillite, flue gas desulfurization material, soda ash, trona, expanded clay, expanded shale, expanded perlite, vermiculite, volcanic tuff, pumice, hollow ceramic spheres, hollow plastic spheres, expanded plastic beads, ground tire rubber, and combinations thereof.
14 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 12 , wherein the second filler comprises fly ash.
15 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 12 , wherein the second filler has the second median particle diameter, and the second median particle diameter is less than 30 microns.
16 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 12 , wherein the filled polyurethane foam comprises from 0.1% by weight to 15% by weight calcium carbonate, based on a total weight of the filled polyurethane foam.
17 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 12 , further comprising from 3% by weight to 5% by weight of a plurality of fibers, based on a total weight of the filled polyurethane foam.
18 . The filled polyurethane foam of claim 12 , wherein a thickness of the filled polyurethane foam is 0.125 inch to 2 inches.